COLLECTION
OF VERY
Valuable and Scarce Pieces
Relating to the Laft
PLAGUEjn the Year 1665.
viz.
I. O r d e r s drawn up and publifhed by the Lord
Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London, to
prevent the fpreading of the Infection.
II. An Account of the firft Rife, Progrefs, Symptoms
and Cure of the Plague, being the Subftance of a
Letter from Doctor Hodges to a Perfonof Quality.
III. Neceflary Directions for the Prevention
and Cure of the Plague, with divers Rem e-
d 1 es of fmall Charge, by the College of Phyficians.
IV. Reflections on the Weekly Bills of
Mortality, fo far as they relate to all the Plagues
which have happened in London from the Year
1502, to the Great Plague in 1665, and fome
other particular Difeafes,
With a Preface (hewing the Ufefulnefs of this Col-
lection; fome Errors of Dr. Mead, and his mtjrepe-
fentations of Dr. Hodges and fome Authors.
To which is added,
An Account of the PLAGUE at Naples, in i6$6,\
of which there died in one Day, 20000 Perfons ;
with the Symptoms tha>#pj5«m*^
and the approved ^£0&f w 'fc^A^^
2TI* £econp &\ttmvr ^
%
. —
"£
LONDON: Printed for J. Roberts} it the Oxford
Arms in Wariaick-Lan^O^zi. Price 1 sJ6d,
.
THE
PREFACE
HEN the Publick has demanded a
Method of fecuring the People under
their DireB ion, from the filent Attacks y
and the certain De/lruBion of the
Plague, and when every private Per-
fon is confulting his own Security^ by informing him-
felfhow he may fo walk as befl to guard againjl
fo dreadful an Enemy ^ nothing can come more fea-
fonably, on this Occafwn, thanfome of the beji and
eafefl Rales for the ConduB of their Life.
To this purpofe, I have put together the wife
Orders the Lord Maior gave for the good Govern-
ment of this populous City ^ the Subflance of Dr.
Hodges\r Observations,, compiled by himfelffor the
life of a Peer of the Realm, as alfo the tittle Book
he often mentions , that was fet forth by the Col-
lege of Phyfici an s ; and it muff be allowed, that
the College was never better Jlored with Men of
Learning, Virtue and Probity \ nothing acquainted
with the little Arts of getting a Name, by plotting
againjl the Honefly and Credulity of the People.
This ColieBion, indeed, may appedrto befoplain%
as ta be contemptible j tho Plainnefs is only con-
A z temptible
The PREFACE.
temptible to theUnlearned, who want plain Truths
the moji. A Man can never be too plain, when Peo-
ple are fo liable to mi/lake j and for this very
Reafon it is plain, why this AbffraS of Dr. Hodges' j
is now necejfary, when all Authors that have late-
ly writ of the Plague in 16-65, refer to him as a
Judge -^ but if they had read him , with that Cau-
tion at leafl that he wrote ; they never could have
fwjlaken their Author : And if the Learned are
thus obnoxious , what Plainnefs is necejfary for an
ordinary Reader.
The Author who confders the Plague of Mar-
feilles, recommends Bleeding .Vomiting^ndSmoak-
ing Tobacco, and that on the Authority of Dr.
Hodges, thd all and each ofthcfe are the Abomi-
nation of the Do8or: His Ivy berry is pluck* d off
his Cap, and placed by this Author on the Cap of
his BenefaBor.
Dr. Mead has mifreprefented his Oracle
Dr. Hodges, no doubt by mifunder /landing him,
and that almofl in every Particular-^ but 1 will
only mention fome few of them. Andfirjl, when
he would inform us when the Plague in 1665 be-
gan, he fays it was the Autumn oefore the Year
1665, ( in Englifh, the Autumn 1664,) which
Account is very unfaithful \ becaufe Dr. Hodges
fays in the three firfl t>ines of his Book, that it
was in the Clofe of that Tear : What is meant by >
theClofe of aTear, every one, I thought, under-X
flood, and Dr. Hodges puts it out of doubt, for
he fays * it was in the Chriftmas Holidays he vi-j
fited
Peg. 29. Short Difcumf: • Pag. 5,
The PREFACE.
fited the firfl Patient : Which Account agrees
with Graunt'j Bills of Mortality, where it is for
Thurfday the 27th 0/ D:cemher.
Dr. Mead undertakes to refcue us from a vul-
gar Enor t f That we are ulually vilited with
the Plague once in thirty or forty Years ; which,
be fays, is a mere Fancy, without any Founda-
tion either in Reafon or Experience. Hodges,
on the other hand faysy that this common Opinion
is || well juftified by pift Experiences •-, and the
Bills of Mortality prefent us only with five Plagues
in 73 Tears. Surely Dr. Mead mufl think the
People of England far gone in nredulity, if he
hopes to pafs fuch a Piece of H';fto>y upon them :
But I hope he rather knew nothing of the true
State of this Affair.
Dr. Hodges'j Account of the SeafonoftheYear
is very remarkable, and totally ruins the fine Dif-
pofition Dr. Mead has imagined to be in the Air
for producing a Pkgue. **Tbh9 he fays, is when
not only the Heats are very great, but the Winds
(the Ufe of which is, by Motion to purify the
Air) do not fluft and change, &c. But Hodges
overfets this Cajlle in the Air, when he informs us,
that \\ the whole Summer was refrefloed with mo-
derate Breezes, fuffictent ta patent t&e ait'g
Stagnation MB CO?ttlption, and to carry off
'he Peftilential Steams : The Heat was likewife
00 mild to encourage fuch Corruption and Fer-
nentation as helps to taint the animal Fluids, and
pervert them from their natural State.
£
1 ' ■ ■ —~ ^~~- ~*~ ,~— ~*~ ~~ * '
t Sfat Difaurfa p. 5 . II P. 4. !! P- J- tt P. I 3*
The PREFACE.
If then the great Dr. Mead has advanced thofe
Ajfertions chiefly upon the Authority of Dr. Hodges,
altogether contrary to his Opinions, what can we
think of Matters of PraBice advanced by Dr.
Mead; or if fo plain Truths are thus mif appre-
hended by a Phyfician, how fuitable is this plain
Account to the Capacity of an ordinary Reader .<?
/ do not follow Dr. Mead into the many grofs
Mi/lakes that are to be found in his Short Dif-
courfe ; / have neither Inclination nor Leifure for
it : So far Iwillajfert, that his Head of Caution
is a very empty Head, without Do&rine, without
Ufe. However, I mufl not pafs by the great
Judgment of Dr. Mead in comparing the Degrees
of a Dijlemper , for he ajferts, that a Plague that
kills infinite Perfons (as my Lord Bacon exprejfes
if) in one Day, is a Feeble Plague in refpeft of
one that reprieves Mankind for a Week. The
Vajjage is obvious, and ferves for a Proof of his
Projeft about the travelling of Plagues, and al-
ways lofing Strength in their Progrefs : Vet every
other Perfon, whether a Phyfician or not, has al-
ways reputed, and related the Sweating Sicknefs
as a very fmart Plague for the Time it lafted ;
and fo far was it from being a Plague of a feeble
Force, that it had more Strength than that at
Marfeilles.
There is one thing more that is very plain from
our faithful Hi ftorian and diligent Phyfician Dr.
Hodges :, which is, the great Uncertainty, and
real Obfcurity, not only in the Mature of a Plague \
but in difcerning likewife when any Perfon is fei-
&ed with it) and it is no wonder , upon that ac-
count
The PREFACE;
county that Lucretius Jo finely exprejfes the Sur-
prise ofPhyficians on fuch a Profpe8y Muffat
tacito Medicina timore. From hence proceed not
only the Defects, but the Uncertainty of all our
Adminijlrations for curing a Plague. I will only
reprefent thefe Wants in an Example or two from
cur Author, leaving the further Inquiry ,with Thu-
cydides, to thofe who can, inquire into the Caufe
of this Difeafe, or are able at leafl to point out the
pofitive Hurt and Wound that is given a Man
when he is feized with aPlague.
The candid Dr. Hodges, who may be reckoned
among the bejl Obfervers in any Age of Phyficky
has not dijfembled the great Difficulties that oc-
curred to him in his PraBlce, and thereby has ob~
tained a greater Name than if he had filled his
Book with falfe Accounts of wonderful Succefs.
On the contrary \ he tells us, that he believed there
* was always a Fever attended the Plague, yet
the Infe&ion feemed to kill fome before the
Blood and other Juices could rife into a Fermen-
tation : and on this account he pronounces the Dif
eafe to be altogether unknown ; not as Phyficians
too commonly under/land this Phrafe, as if it were
not fully and perfeBly defcribed : no ; for Hip-
pocrates, Thucydides, many hundreds ofPhyfici-
ans, Hi/lor ians and Poets have done that Work to
great Perfection ^ nor is Dr. Hodges fhort of any
of them in giving a true PiSure of the Plague in
his own Time. He informs us too, that there was
no f Corruption in the Blood of thofe that were ill
or died of the Plague. He warns m, that || the
Pulfe,
» in.
The PREFACE.
Pulfe, which in all other Difeafes is almoft a
certain Index, could not at all be trufted to in this
Sicknefs,
From this Uncertainty proceeds all the Difficulty
0/ foretelling the Event of the Plague -^ as alfoshe
prefent Impojfibility in answering the Quefions
about evacuating Medicines in curing this Dif-
eafe, and the Difficulty increafes, when we want
a Method of adjuring the proper Dofes of any of
the Medicines we would adminifler.
But which is of all the moft grievous, Dr.H xlges
ajfures us, that * Sweating is not fa fur e a Relief
as it is commonly reprefented and believed to be ^
tho that Evacuation is not notably infamous for
doing repeated Mifchief as Bleeding, Vomiting*
and Purging have been,
When the nature of the Plague is difcovered,
from the manijejl Symptoms of it, given by thebefl
Authors in every Age of ' Phyfick1 there will be no
danger of improper Prefcriptions in the Begining,
no Fear of furpriz>hig unaccountable Symptoms in
the Progrefs of the Diftemper.
However important Dr. Hodges judges fuch In-
quiries , Dr. Mead calls them great Digreflions,
and as if it were more to the Purpofe, he carries
us into the Clouds, and gives us a Scene of the
Plague coming from Egypt into Greece, and from
thence into Europe^ the firjl flight ly related as a
Guefs and Supposition by Thucydides, who at the
fame time raifes it in Ethiopia, and Matthasus Vil-
lanus isonlytranfcribed by Dr. Mead, who in the
j 4th Century had made it make theToux repre-
fented by Dr. Mead to nopurpofe.
;p.xo6, 108.
ORDERS
Conceived and Published by the
Lord MaiOR and Aldermen of the
City of London, concerning the Infe-
ction of the Plague. 1 66 y
HEREAS in the Reign of our
late Sovereign King James, of
Happy Memory, an Act was
made for the charitable Relief and
ordering of Perfons infected with
the Plague ; whereby Authority
was given to Juffcices of Peace,
Maiors, ijayliffs, and other head Officers, to ap-
point within their feveral Limits, Examiners,
Searchers, Watchmen, Keepers, and Buriers for
the Perfons and Places infected, aiicj to minifter un-
to them Oaths for the performance of their Offices.
And the fame Statute did alfo Authorize the giv-
ing of other Directions, as unto them for the pre-
fent Neceflky mould feem good in their Difc retions.
It is now upon fpecial Consideration, though very
expedient for preventing and avoiding of In fed ion
of Sickuefs (if it Hull fo pleafe Almighty God)
B that
2 Orders for Health.
that thefe Officers following be appointed, and thefc
Orders hereafter duly obferved.
Examiners to be appointed in every Parijb.
T? I RS T, It is thought Requisite, and fo ordered,
•*■ that in every Panfh there* ife^ney two^' or more
Perforgf. of good Sort and Credit, chefen and ap-
pointed^'by the Alderman, his Deputy, and Com-
mon-Council of every Ward, by the Name of Ex-
aminers, to continue in that Office the fpace of
two Months at leaft : And if any fit Perfon fo ap-
pointed, fhall refufe to undertake the fame, the
laid Parties fo refufing, to be committed to Pri-
fon until they (hall conform themfelves accordingly.
The Examiners Office.
*Hp HAT thefe Examiners be fworn by the Alder-
-** men, to enquire and learn from time to time
what Houfes in every Parifh be Viiited, and what
Perfons be Sick, and of what Difeafes, as near as
they can inform themfelves ; and upon doubt in that
Cafe, to command Reftraint of Accefs, until it ap-
pear what the Difeafe (hall prove: And if they
find any Perfon lick of the Infection, to give or-
der to the Conftable that the Houfe be fhut up ;
and if the Conftable fhall be found Remifs or Neg-
ligent, to give prefent Notice thereof to the Alder-
man of the Ward.
Watchmen-
TpHAT to every infeded Houfe there be ap-
A pointed two Watchmen, one for every Day,
2nd the other for the Night : And that thefe Watch-
men have a fpecial care that no Perfon go in or out
of fuch infe&ed Houfes, whereof they have the
Charge,
Orders for Health. j
Charge, upon pain of fevere Punifhment. And the
faid Watchman to do fuch further Offices as the
fick Houfe (hall need and require : And if the
Watchman be fent upon any Bufinefs, to lock up
the Houfe, and take the Key with him : And the
Watchman by Day to attend until ten of the Clock
at Night : And the Watchman by Night until fix
in the Morning.
Searchers.
T* HAT there be a fpecial care to appoint Wo-
-■■ men-Searchers in every Parifh, fuch as are of
honeft Reputation, and of the belt Sort as can be
got in this kind : And thefe to be fworn to make
due Search, and true Report to the utmoft of their
Knowledge, whether the Perfons whofe Bodies they
are appointed to Search, do die of the Infection, or
of what other Difeafes, as near as they can. And
that the Phyficians who fhall be appointed for Cure
and Prevention of the Infection, do call before them
the faid Searchers, who are or fhall be appointed
for the feveral Parifhes under their refpective Cares,
to the end they may conflder whether they are fitly
qualified for that Employment ; and charge them
from time to time as they fhall fee Caufe, if they
appear defective in their Duties.
That no Searcher during this time of Visitation,
be permitted to ufe any pub ick Work or Employ-
ment, or keep any Shop or Stall, or be employed as
a Landrefs, or in any other common Employment
whatfoever.
Chirurgeons.
"TOR better affiftance of the Searchers, for a?
•*■ much as there hath been heretofore great Abufe
in mifreporting the Difeafe, to the further fpread-
ing of the Infe&ioo : It is therefore ordered, that
B 2 there
4 Orders for Health.
there be chofen and appointed able and difcreet
Chirurgeons, befides thofe that do already belong to
the Pefl-houje : Amongft whom the City and Liber-
ties to be quartered as the places lie molt apt and
convenient; and every ofthefe to have one Quarter
for his Limit : and the faid Chirurgeons in every of
their Limits to join with the Searchers for the View
of the Body, to the end there may be a true Re-
port made of the Difeafe.
And further, that the faid Chirurgeons {hall vifit
$nd fearch fuch like Perfons as (hall either fend for
them, or be named and directed unto them, by the
Examiners of every Parifh, and inform themfelves of
the Difeafe of the faid Parties.
And forafmuch as the faid Chirurgeons are to be
feque fired from all other Cures, and kept only to
this Difeafe of the Infection ; It is ordered, That
every of the faid Chirurgeons mail have Twelve-
pence a Body fearched by them, to be paid out of
the Goods of the Party fearched, if he be able, or
otherwife by the Parifh.
Nurfe-keepers.
TF any Nurfe-keepers fhall remove her felf out of
A any infected Houfe before twenty eight Days af-
ter the Deceafe of any Perfon dying of the Infecti-
on, the Hpufe to which the faid Nurfe-keeper doth
fo remove her felf, fhall be fhut up until the faid
twenty eight Days be expired.
Orders
Or Jen for Health.
Orders concerning infe&ed Houfes,
and Perfons fick of the Plague.
Notice to be given of the Skknefs.
TH E Matter of every Houfe, as foon as any
one in his Houfe complaineth, either of Botch,
or Purple, or Swelling in any part of his Body, or
falleth ocherwife dangeroufly Sick, without appa-
rent Caufe of fome other Difeafe, (hall give know-
ledge thereof to the Examiner of Health within two
Hours after the faid Sign fhall appear.
Sequefiration of the Sick.
AS foon as any Man (hall be found by this Exa-
*•*' miner, Chirurgeon or Searcher to be fick of the
Plague, he fhall the fame Night be fequeftred in
the fame Houfe. And in cafe he be fo fequeflred,
then though he afterwards die not, the Houfe
wherein he flckned fhall be fhut up for a Month, af-
ter the ufe of the due Prefervatives taken by the
reft.
Airing the Stuff.
J7 O R Sequeftration of the Goods and Stuff of
-*• the Infected, their Bedding, and Apparel, and
Hangings of Chambers, muft be well aired with
Fire, and fuch Perfumes as are requifite within the
infected Houfe, before they be taken again to ufe :
This to be done by the Appointment of the Exami-
aer.
Shutting
6 Orders for Health.
Shutting tip of the Houfe*
Jf any Perfon fhall have vifited any Man, known to
■*■ be infected of the Plague, or entered willingly in-
to any known infe&ed Houfe, being not allowed :
The Houfe wherein he inhabiteth, mall be fhut up
for certain Days by the Examiners Direction.
None to be removed out of infetted Houfes, buty Sec.
TTEM, That none be removed out of the Houfe
A where he falleth fick of the Infection, into any
other Houfe in the City, (except it be to the Peft-
Houfe or a Tent, or unto fome fuch Houfe, which
the Owner of the faid vifited Houfe holdeth in his
own Hands, and occupieth by his own Servants)
and fo as Security be given to the Parifh whirher
fuch Remove is made, that the Attendance and
Charge about the faid vifited Perfons fhall be ob-
- ferved and charged in all the Particularities before
expreffed, without any Cod: of that Parifh, to which
any fuch Remove fhall happen to be made, and this
Remove to be done by Night : And it fhall be law-
ful to any Perfon that hath two Houfes, to re-
move either his found or his infected People to his
fpare Houfe at his choice, fo as if he fend away
firfi: his Sound, he may not after fend thither the
Sick, nor again unto the Sick the Sound. And that
the fame which he fendeth, be for one Week at the
leaft fhut up and fecluded from Company for fear of
fome Infection, at the firfi; not appearing.
Burial of the Dead.
'""pHAT the Burial of the Dead by this Vifita-
-*■ tion, be at moft convenient Hoars, always ei-
ther before Sun-rifing, or after San- fet ting, with the
Privity of the Churchwardens or Conflable, and not
2 other-
Orders for Health. j
otherwife ; and that no Neighbours nor Friends be
■differed to accompany the Coarfc to Church, or to
enter the Houfe vifited, upon pain of having his
Houfe fhut up, or be imprifoned.
And that no Corps dying of Infection mall be bu-
ried, or remain m any Church in time of Com-
mon-Prayer, Sermon, or Lecture. And that no
Children be differed at time of burial of any Crops
in any Church, Church-yard, or Burying-place to
come near the Corps, Coffin, or Grave. And that
all the Graves (hall be at leaft fix Foot deep.
And further, all publick Affemblies at other Bu-
rials are to be forborn during the Continuance of
this Vifitation.
No infeBed Stuff to be uttered.
TH A T no Clothes, Stuff, Bedding or Garments
be differed to be carried or conveyed out of
any infected Houfes, and that the Criers and Carri-
ers abroad of Bedding or old Apparel to be fold or
pawned, be utterly prohibited and reftrained, and
no Brokers of Bedding or old Apparel be permitted
to make any outward Shew, or hang forth on their
Stalls, Shopboards or Windows towards any Street,
Lane, Common-way or Paffage, any old Bedding
or Apparel to be fold, upon pain of Iraprifonment.
And if any Broker or other Perfon fhall buy any
Bedding, Apparel, or other Stuff out of any infect-
ed Houfe, within two Months after the Infection
hath been there, his Houfe (hall be fhut up as In-
fected, and fo fhall continue fhut up twenty Days at
the leaft.
No Perfon to be conveyed out of any infeBed Houfe,
IF any Perfon vifited do fortune by negligent look-
ing unto, or by any other Means, to come, or
be conveyed from a Place infected, to any other
Place,
8 Orders for Health.
Place, the Parifh from whence fuch Party hath come
or been conveyed, upon notice thereof given, fhall
at their Charge caufe the faid Party fo vifited and
e leaped, to be carried and brought back again by
Night, and the Parties in this cafe offending, to be
punifhed at the Direction of the Alderman of the
Ward ; and the Houfe of the Receiver of fuch vifited
Perfon, to be fhut up for twenty Days.
Every vifited Houfe to be marked.
HpHAT every Houfe vifited, be marked with a
.-*■ red Crofs of a Foot long* in the middle of the
Door, evident to be feen, and with thefe ufual
printed Words, that is to fay, Lord have Mercy upon
us, to be fet ciofe over the fame Crofs, there to con-
tinue until lawful opening of the fame Houfe.
Every vifited Houfe to be watched.
HpHAT the Conflables fee every Houfe fliut upj
, and to be attended with Watchmen, which may
keep them in, and minifler Neceffaries unto them
at their own Charges (if they be able,) or at the com-
mon Charge if they be unable : The matting up to
be for the fpace of four Weeks after all be whole.
That precife Order be taken that the Searchers,
Chirurgeons, Keepers and Buriers are not to pafs
the Streets without holding a red Rod Or Wand of
three Foot in length in their Hands, open and evi-
dent to be feen, and are not to go into any other
Houfe then into their own, or into that whereunto
they are directed or fent for ; but to forbear and ab-
ftain from Company, efpecially when they have been
lately ufed in any fuch Bufinefs or Attendance^
Inmates]
Orders for Health. <J
Inmates.
npHAT where feveral Inmates are in one and
■*■ the fame Houfe, and any Pcrfon in that Houfe
happen to be Infected ; no other Perfon or Family
of "fuch Houfe mail be fuftered to remove him or
themfclves wichout a Certificate from the Exami-
ners of Health of that Parifli ; or in default there-
of, the Houfe whither he or they fo remove, fhali
be fhut up as in cafe of Vifitation.
Hackney- Coaches.
'THAT care be taken of Hackney-Coachmen^
A that they may not (as fome of them have been
obferved to do) after carrying of infected Perfons to
the Peft-Houfe, and other Places, be admitted to
common ufe, till their Coaches be well aired, and
have flood unemployed by the fpace of live or fix
Days after fuch Service.
mmmMi^
j<£>*^
Orders for cleanfing and keeping
of the Streets ivveet.
The Streets to Ire kep dean.
FIRST, it is thought neceflary, and fo ordered,
that every Houfholder do caufe the Street to
be daily pared before his Door, and fo to keep it
clean fwepc all the Week long.
C 'That
10 Orders for Health.
That Rakers take it from out the Houfes.
HpHAT the Sweeping and Filth of Houfes be
-*- daily carried away by the Rakers, and that
the Raker fhall give notice of his coming, by the
blowing of a Horn, as heretofore hath been done.
Lay flails to be made far off from the City.
*T* H A T the Layftalls be removed as far as may be
"*■ out of the City, and common Pafiages, and
that no Nightman or other be fuffered to empty a
Vault into any Garden near about the City.
Care to be had of unwholfome Fijh or Flefl, and ofmufty
Corn.
HP HAT fpecial care be taken, that no ftinking
**■ Filh, or unwholfome Flefli, or mufty Corn, or
other corrupt Fruits, of what fort foever be fuffered
to be fold about the City, or any part of the fame.
That the Brewers and Tipling-houfes be looked
unto, for mufty and unwholfome Casks.
That no Hogs, Dogs, or Cats, or tame Pigeons, or
Conies, be fuffered to be kept within any part of the
City, or any Swine to be, or ftray in the Streets or
Lanes, but that fuch Swine be impounded by the
Beadle or any other Officer, and the Owner pu-
nilhed according to Act of Common-Council, and
that the Dogs be killed by the Dog-killers appointed
for that purpofe.
Orders
Orders for Health. \ i
Orders concerning loofe Perfons and
idle Aifemblies.
Beggers.
FOrafmuch as nothing is more complained of,
than the multitude of Rogues and wandering
Beggers, that fwarm in every place about the City,
being a great caufe of the fpreading of the Infection,
and will not be avoided, notwithstanding any Order
that hath been given to the contrary : It is therefore
now ordered, that fuch Conftables, and others,
whom this matter may any way concern, do take
fpecial care that no wandering Begger be fuffered in
the Streets of this City, in any fafhion or manner
wharfoever, upon the Penalty provided by the Law
to be duly and feverely executed upon them.
Plays.
'T* H AT all Plays, Bear-baitings, Games, fing-
-*• ing of Ballads, Buckler-play, or fuch like Cau-
fes of Aflemblies of People, be utterly prohibited,
and the Parties offending, feverely punifhed by every
Alderman in his Ward.
Feafting Prohibited.
*T*H AT all publick Feafting, and particularly by
A the Companies of this City, and Dinners at
Taverns, Alehoufes, and other Places of common
Entertainment be forborn till further Order and Al-
C 2 lowance,
i 2 Orders for Health.
lowance ; and that the Money thereby fpared, be
preferred and employed for the Benefit and Relief of
the Poor vi/ited with the Infection.
Tipling-Houfes.
HpHAT disorderly Tipling in Taverns, Ale-
-*- houfes, Corfee-houfes, and Cellars be feverely
looked unto, as 'the common Sin of this Time, and
greateft occafion of difperfing the Plague. And that
no Company or Perfon.be fuftered to remain or come
into any Tavern, Ale-houfe, or Coifee-houfe to
drink after nine of the Clock in the Evening, accord-
ing to the ancienr Law and Cuftom of this City,
upon the Penalties ordained in that behalf.
And for the better Execution of thefe Orders, and
fuch other Rules and Directions as upon further con-
sideration fhall be found -needful ; It is ordered and
enjoined that the Aldermen, Deputies, and Common-
Council-men fhall meet together weekly, once,
twice, thrice, or oftner, (as caufe (hall require) at
fomeone general Place accullomed in their refpe&ive
Wards (being clear from Infection of the Plague)
to conuilt how the faid Orders .may be duly put in
execution ; not intending that any, dwelling in or
near places infe&ed, (hall come to the faid Meet-
ings - white their coming may be doubtful. And
the faid Aldermen, and Deputies, and Common-
Council-men, in their feveral Wards may put in exe-
cution any other good Orders that by them at their
fafcl Meetings fhall he conceived and devifed, for
Prefervation of His Majefty's Subjeds from the In-
fection.
tooil
A N
A N
ACCOUNT
O F T H E
Firft Rise, Progress,
Symptoms, and Cure
O F T H E
PLAGUE:
Being the Subftance of a Letter from
Dr. Hodges to a Perfon of Quality,
S I R,
OUR candid Acceptance of the Obfer-
vations which I have made on this Pe(l>
is a mod prevalent Argument to encou-
rage the Communication of them in an-
fwer to your Defire.
To omit therefore all thofe mod obvious Notions
of the Peft in general, occurring in every Author
writing on that Subject, I (hall confine my felf to a
particular Difquifition of the peculiar Nature of this'
Plague, as fevere as any recorded in our Annals.
London
1 4 The fyfe, Trogrefs, Symptoms,
London feldom free from feme Malignant Difeafe.
That London or other populous Places, are fel-
dom free from Malignant and Peftilential Difeafes,
is confirmed by the long Experience of able Phyfici-
ans, who find that Humours upon feveral Occafi-
ons acquire a venenate Quality, and here -ipon prove
ir.oft Pernicious.
The higheft degree of Malignity flowing from
the Putrefaction of congefted Humours, however
it may be mod fatal to the Body wherein it was
produced, being yet but the Effect of a private
Caufe, is limited at moil to an hereditary Propa-
gation, and cannot be imagined the Original of
Epidemical Difeafes, efpecialiy of the Pefly whofe
Original is adequate to its Effects ; But in regard
the Caufe of the Plague is moft myflerious, and
not yet hitherto plainy discovered, moft Writers
aftef a difappointment in their fcrutining the Series
of natural Canfes, do betake themfelves to Su-
pernatural, and acknowledge a 70 e£ov in this Dif-
eafe.
Amongft Natural Caufes, the Conjunctions of
fome Planets, Eclipfes, Comets, and fuch like Ap-
pearances in the Heavens, are by many accufed as
the Authors of the Plague, and upon this Account,
fome addicted to Aftrology, obferving fuch Appear-
ances the foregoing Year, have confident y aflerted
that our Pefl was the Iffue of thofe malevolent In-
fluences.
'The Original of the Plague in 166$.
After a moft ftrict and ferious Inquiry, by undoubt-
ed Teftimonies, I find that this Pefi was communica-
ted to. us f om the Netherlands by way of Contagion;
andif moft probable Relations deceive me not, it came
from
and Cure of (foPLAGUE. 15
from Smyrna to Holland in a parcel of infected Goods :
Whether it began there, or in any other Pluce, being
unreloived, I fhall not entangle my fclf in a conje-
ctural Difcuflio:. of its Caufe, or give a tedious Nar-
rative of the Nature and Effects of Pefts in chofe
hot Count, its ; give me leave to hint, that the fame
/ty? graft ant in divers Regions of a different Tem-
perature, may fo much vary in its Phenomena, that
that it may feem totally changed.
7 he Plague Complicated with other Difeafes.
Before I proceed, I muft. Advertife, that the Pefi
«Totn Complicate with moft Maladies which hap-
pen during its GralVancy, efpecially fuchas are Con-
tagions, every lutle Diforder at fuch times turning
to the Plague, and infectious Difeafes more nearly
combining, and fymbolizing with it : Hence I col-
lect, that the Scorbu'e being Popular and Epidemi-
cal in Holland, the Peft when it fell in wirh it, did
very much parcake of its Na:ure, which afterwards
invading this Kingdom, gave ample Teftimony by
its Symptoms of this Ailociation.
No fuch Thing as hfeBs in the Air.
As I have defigned y wav'd at prefent to deliver
my Theory con erningthis Pefl, (o I upon the fame
Account dok)rbesr to intermeddle with the Hypo-
thefes of other ; but becaufe the Learned Kircher's
late Experiments have put moil: inquifitive Searchers
into fenfible Truths, upon the quell to difcover that
animated Matter in the Air, mentioned in his Trea-
tife of the Pefi, I fhall tranfiently deliver my Ob-
fervatio' s touching this Particular : I mull: ingeni-
oufly confefs, that notwithstanding my mod careful
and induprious Attemprs by all means likely to pro-
mote the Difco very of fuch Matter, and that 1 have-
La!
1 6 The <%ife, Vrogrefs, Symptoms ,
had as good Opportunities for this Purpofe, as any
Phyfician ; it hath not yet been my Happinefs (if
fuch minute Infeds caufed this Pefi,) to difcern them,
neither have I hitherto by the Information of credi-
ble Teilimonies, received Satisfaction in this Point ;
whereupon 1 infer, that in regard Pefts are of a dif-
ferent Nature^ though I allow that famous Author's
Experiments in that Plague at Rome, yet it follows
not that ours was caufed by the like Production of
Worms or Infeds, as fome have rather fancied than
demonftrated.
The Confequences of Putrefaction are fo well
known by an ordinary Infpedion into the Tranfadi-
ons of Nature, that the Produdion of Worms and
various Infeds upon this account, may not be right-
ly judged a new Difcovery, considering efpecially,
that malignant Difeafes do not lefs than the Plague,
evidence Putrefadion by fuch Products : Indeed
amongft all that vaft Number I converfed with dur-
ing Vifltation,I noted very few to have either vomit-
ed Worms, or by unerring Symptoms to have given
an Indication of verminous Matter lodged in any
part of their Bodies ; I only had a Relation of one,
who in vomiting threw up a ftrange figured Infed,
which appeared very fierce, and even aflaulted fuch as
were bufie toobferve it ; whereupon it wascruflied
by a rude Hand, fo that its Shape is not very dif*
cernible.
The primary Caufe of the Plague.
Since that the Nature of this Peft, in Relation to
its primary Caufe is moil: obfcure, we cannot more
furely arrive at the Knowledge of it, than by the
Difcoveries it makes of it felf in Propagation :
When therefore I do well ponder the wonderful
Energy of Peftilential Effluviums, which can inft an-
taneoufly imprint indelible Charaders on Bodies be-
fore
and Cure of the PLAUGE. 17
fore found and healthful, and conform them to the
like Efficacy in contagious Communications, I am
induced to think that its Principles are chiefly faline,
which appears by its Activity and Power ; 1 need not
produce Examples to illuftrate the inexpreflible Vi-
gor of thefe Ferments, it being well known that ma-
ny have dy'd without the leaft Senfe of Contagion
or Apprehension ot Illnefs thereby.
Of its Invajton.
I come in the next Place to the Manner of the
Pefls Invafion, which is unanimoufly agreed on to
be by Contagion, viz,. When venenate Expirations
are tranfmitted from infe&ious Bodies to others
working a like Change and Alteration in them ;
whereupon I conclude, that no Perfon is feiz'd with
the Plague except he receives into his Body thefe
Peftilential Effluxes, which however they do more
effectually infed by how much nearer the Bodies are,
yet it is not to be doubted but that at a very confide-
rableDiftance where no Perfon is fick, thefe moft ma-
lignant Corpufcles being carried in the Motion oi
the Air, may fo preferve their Venom, as to fur-
prize fuch Bodies amidft their greateft Securities;
and I am apt to think that fuch Effe&s are oft-times
appropriated to Imagination, the Operations of
which can eafily ferment the Juices of the Body,
and raife Symptoms not unlike thofe of the Peft.
A Confutation of thofe who would believe it not
contagiotu.
Notwithstanding that Infection is fo apparent in
the Peft, yet fome have lately in their Difcourfes
and Pamphlets, argued that it is not contagious,
fuch Perfons deferve rather the Magizlrates Cen-
fure than my Refutation : The Order publifhed by
D Queen
i 8 Ibe ^ifey frogrefs, Symptoms,
Queen Elizabeth was in chofe Days the moll proper
Expedient to fupprefs that Opinion, which is not
otherwife now than by Authority to be fiienced :
thefe ground their Hypothefes upon the Efcape of
fome Pefons who converfe with the infected ; but
this Proof is not admittable as fufficienr, becaufe
there are very many Caufes why fuch Bodies are
not equally obnoxious to Contagion as others ; for
befides the particular Providence of God, the Se-
curity of fuch Perfons may be attributed to the
Shape of their Pores nor admitting peftilential A-
toms of a difproportion'd Figure, or Vigour or the
Spirits to expel this Enemy before he, can fix in their
Bodies ; certainly fuch Perfons might as rationally
affirm that Bullets will not wound and kill, becaufe
fome in the hotteft Battles amidft Showers of fmall
Shot walk untouched by any of them, when as thefe
efcape rather upon the Account of the various happy
Poflures they are in during die Charge, than their
Fancy of being Shot-free.
Thefe infectious Irradiations flowing from Bodies
inflam'd with the Peft, as they conflantly ifTue out
by Tranfpiration, and other more open Paffages, fo
they diffufe their Malignity accordingly as they are
more or lefs fubtile and. fpiritual : If therefore the
Snuff of a Candle, which emits a grofs and vifible
Fume, can in few Moments fo taint the circum-
ambient Air in a large Room, fo as to render it
moil: offenfive to our Smell ; certainly Peftilential
Exhalations by very many Degrees more fine and
fubtile, can infenfibly and beyond fuch narrow Li-
mits fpread their Poifon, corrupting the Air, and
making it pernicious to Bodies difposM to receive
fuch Impreflions. Touching the Steam of infe&ed
Eodies. I confefs that when Buboes are opened, Car-
buncles caft off their Efchar, the Peftilential Emana-
tions being imbodied in grolTer Vapours ifTuing from
fuch Sores, may poffible be hereupon fenfible to the
Nofe,
and Cure of the PLAGUE, xp
Nofe, as in opening other Impollhumes, and dref-
fing common fordid Ulcers is evident : Hence it is
that fomc have perceiv'd the Moment of their Sei-
fure, which Scent they could not ptherwife exprefs,
than by a cadaverous, anji as it were a fuifocating
Stench ; but I may confidently aver, that not one
in two hundred hath been apprehenfiye by Scent of
the Infection, the venate Particles communicating
their Malignity in a way imperceptible to our
Senfes.
How the Peflikntial Effluvia operate on the Body*
How thefe Peftilential Effluxes do operate on
Man's Body, comes next under Confideration, (up-
poling that the Infection hath newly infinuated it
felf, the Blood and Juices do immediately receive
the Alarum as being to undergo the firft Affault;
the Blood in fome, by the deleterious Quality of the
Poifon, in few Moments is mortify 'd, not unlike
what happens in the Death of fuch who are kill'd by
Lightning ; in others, the Blood is forthwith put
into a Fermentation, cither higher or lower, accord-
ing the to State of the Blood before Infection, or the
Condition and Degree of the Contagion, on which
alfo depends the Depuration of the Blood producing
Blains, Buboes, and Carbuncles, and fuch Patients,
except fomething accidentally intervenes to con-
traindicate, for the molt part efcape, but mod com-
monly in this Fermentation the Blood coagulates in
fewer or more Veffels, and according to the DifTolu-
tion and Difcharge of thefe Grumous Parts before fur-
ther Putrefaction,theCondition of fuch Perfons is more
fecure or dangerous, if the Coagulation encreafes,
a Period at length is put to the Blood's Circulation :
Laftly, the Blood doth fometimes fuffer a Fufion,
for when the fulphureous Parts are con fumed, the;
Peftilential Tincture proves a Diffolvent, and de-
D z ftroys
20 Ik 3(i/e, Trogrefs, Symptoms,
ftroys the Fibres of the Blood, not only by way of
Liquation, making it moft fluid, but corrupting its
faline Particles. I have obferved, that fuch Blood
in Hemorrhages would not coagulate, but remained
like a tinotured Ichor ; the Reduction of fuch Blood
to its former State being impoflible, the Cafe of fuch
Patients was moft defperate, Medicines affording
not the leaft Eafe or Relief: The nervous Liquor
did alfo (hare in this common Calamity, and accord-
ing to its quality, fuffered as great and many Alte-
rations as the Blood.
Of the Propagation of the Difeafe.
Before I proceed to the Symptoms of this Di-
ftemper, it may not feem impertinent tranfiently to
give fome remarkable Obfervations which occurred
in the Propagation of this Difeafe ; as, that the In-
fected were commonly feized after the ifame man-
ner, and generally had the like iffue, in refped of a
Recovery or Death, as thofe from whom they took
the Contagion, except any thing happened extraor-
dinary in the Cafe of one more than the other ; fo
that the Effe&s of the Plague, not only in relation
to the number of Buboes, Blains or Carbuncles,
but the Part and Place, did abundantly evince its
peculiar and ftrange Defignation.
That Perfons may be injeBed more than once.
Furthermore, that Opinion that the Pefl invades
no Perfon a fecond time, if his Sores at firft fuffi-
ciently difcharged purulent Matter, is now plainly
confuted by too many Experiments during this fad
Vifitation : I have known many who altho* all
things fucceeded well the firft and fecond time, and
each Cure was perfected, yet the third Seizure, up-
on the account of a new Infeftion, and not a Re-
lapfe,
and Cure of the? L AGUE. 21
lapfe, bath proved fatal to them : Some this laft
Year fell the fifth, others the fixth time, being be-
fore very well recovered. Each of thefe Invafiors,
I fuppofe, was not only from an higher Degree of
Malignity, but a diverfe Complication of the tefi;
betides, Nature being much weakened by preceding
-Affaults, was thereupon more unable to make her
Defence.
The Symptoms of the Plague.
The Symptoms of this Pefl were many j but I
(hall content myfelf to fet down fuch as were moft
common and notorious : Moft Terfons upon their
firft Invafion by the Sicknefs, perceived a Chilnefs
to creep on them, which produced in very fhort
fpace a Shivering not unlike the cold Fit of an Ague;
which Shivering was doubtlefs an Efteft of the Pe-
fiikntial Ferment infinuating itfelf into the Blood
and Juices of the Body, and rendring them either
(harp, pungitive, or fo corrupt by its Venerofity,
that hereupon there happens a Vellication of the
nervous Parts, whence proceeded convulfive Mo-
tions ; foon after this, Horror and Shaking followed
a Naufeoufnefs, and ftrong Inclinations to vomit,
with a great Oppreflion, and feeming Fullnefs of
the Stomach, occafioned by the Poifon irritating the
Ventricle, which being a nervous Part, is and there-
upon moft fenfible of what will prove fo injurious
to it ; the Pefl did fometimes feat itfelf in the Sto-
mach, more eminently fhewing itfelf there in Car-
buncles and Mortifications ; a violent and intolera-
ble Head-ach next fucceeded, by reafon of the
Blood's Tumultuoufnefs and Ebullition : hereupon
fome fell into a Frenzy, and others became foporofe
and ftupid, according to the quality and nature of
the Malignity ; afterwards a Fever began to difco-
ver itfelf, without which no Perfon efcaped during
a this
2 1 The fyfe, Vrogrefs, Symptoms,
this Vifitation ; when therefore the Blood was
throughly impregnated with the Peflilential Ferment,
then the Blood fermented, and the OEconomy of
the Body was violated, all Parts both internal and
external, extreamly fuftering and exprefTing their fe-
veral Conditions in this extream Agony, upon the
account either of Idiopathy or Sympathy.
Of the Fever.
I {hall not here difpute, whether the true Peft is al-
ways accompanied with a Fever ; I conceive that in
fome Peftsy as alfo in the higheft Degree of this, the
feveral Parts of the Blood have inftantaneoufly been
Separated, there being no Time for any Ebullition;
But fince that I undertake only to deliver my own
Obfervations , I mud ingenuoufly confefs, that
during this Pe(l (except in the cafe of fuch who
fuddenly died ) I met not with any one Pa-
tient free from a Fever, which in fome was more
flow and occult, in others peracute and notorioufly
apparent, as the Blood did more orlefs abound with
fulphureous Particles, apt to kindle and be inflamed;
and more particularly I noted, that thofe who were
over ran with the Scorbure, and afterwards took the
Infedion of the Plague, had a more obfcure and re-
mifs Fever, fo as it feemed many times very doubt-
ful whether they laboured of any or no,- which I
cannot attribute to any thing elfe than to the State
of their Blood, by reafon of its much abounding
with a fixed Salt : The like Affertion will hold true
of the feveral other Defects in the Blood. In rela-
tion to the Paroxifms which were obferved in this
Fever, 'tis mod certain that generally there was
fome kind of Remiflion, fo as that the Patients could
eafily find their Condition altered thereby; but thefe
Fits were altogether irregular and uncertain, how-
ever they feemed in fqme much to refemble a double
Tertian.
of
<md Cure of the PL AGUE. 25
Of Faintnefs and Palpitations of the Heart.
So foon as this Fever began to appear, ftrange
Faintnefs feized the Patient, which was feconded
by mod violent Palpitations of the Heart- and
hereupon many have fufpe&ed that the Peft, by a
peculiar Difpofition, moil vigoro.fly bends all its
Strength to ftorm the Heart, which is the moll royal
Fort j but fince that we. are well allured that the
Heart doth principally fufter by reafon of this hete*
rogeneal Matter mixed with. Blood, and circulating
with it through this noble Part, I cannot think thac
the Heart is other wife injured, than in being hin-
dered in its Office of animating and inflaming the
Blood, by its innate Ferment, to perform its ap-
pointed Stage of Circulation.
Of the Lafjitude.
Here I might particularly take notice of that
flrange Laflitude which was very obfervable in moft
affected with this Scorbutical Peft, as well by reafon
of the Difiention of the VelTels, as the immediate
Mixture of the Malignity with the ferous Humours
abounding in fuch Bodies ,- but 1 (hall not any longer
infift on the Symptoms which are common in Pefti-
lential Fevers, but defcend to thofe Diagnofticks
which moll peculiarly difcover the Peft, as Blains,
Buboes, Carbuncles ard Difcolorations, vulgarly
called Tokens : Of which briefly in their Order.
Of the Blains.
Blains are Puftles, or rather Blii^ers, fometimes
greater or fometimes lefs.: and tor number fewer or
more, according to the Quantity or Quality of the
Peftilcntial Matter fegregated from the Blood, and
other
24 ^ %ifej Progwfiy Symptoms ,
other Liquors of the Body, by their Fermentation ;
thefe were obfcarely incircled, and coloured accord-
ing to the ferous Humour either flowing to, or dif-
charged upon thofe Parts where they appeared ; but
as no Place could plead Exemption, fo thofe Parts
were moft fubjecl: to thefe Blains which did lie near-
eft to this poifonous Humour, when it was forced
but ; the Liquor contained in thefe Blifters was of
the fame nature with that which produced Carbun-
cles, but mors dilated and difperfed ; wherefore the
Peft was rightly judged not fo dangerous where only
Blains were difcovered.
Of the Buboes.
Buboes are Tumours of the Glandules ; if under
the Ear, they are called Parotides ; others happen
under the Arms, and in the Groin ; Peftilential Mat-
ter in Circulation with the Blood being retained in
thefe Glandules* whereby they are tumified and in-
flamed: That fome Perfons without any Senfe either
of the Contagion,or any Illnefs by it, have complained
of thefe Tumours, muft be afcribed to theMildnefs of
the Malignity, having before upon others fpent its
Virulency ; but moft commonly thefe Buboes were
an Effect of the fecond Sweat, promoted by proper
Alexipharmical Remedies, and fuch Rifings gave
hope of the Patients Recovery ; fome of thefe Tu-
mours were indolent and hard, continuing fo many
Months, notwithftanding Means either to difcufs or
fuppurate them ; and when thefe were unadvifedly
opened by Incifion, nothing elfe but an Ichor gufhed
forth, and the Part wounded was very apt to mor-
tify : but thefe Rifings were generally fo painful,
that moft could not endure the fierce and frequent
Lancinations, and the extream Burning they felt un-
til the time of Suppuration approached, which upon
this account was haftened by fuitable Applications
of
and Cure of the PLAGUE. 25
of Cataplafms and Plaifters: Tiic Number of thefe
Buboes was not certain, fome had two, others three,
many four j neither was their Bignefs limited, the
Rifings in feme being very large, fo as to equal an
Half-penny Loaf, in others not exceeding an Hen's
Egg ; very many of thefe Tumors were difcuiTed,
if the Patient at fait fubmitted to effectual Sweats ;
and if afterwards they encreafed, great Care was
taken to further their Enlargement, and to break
them, the Fever ufually going off and declining as
thefe Tumors ripened, and were fitted for Aper-
tion.
Of the Carbuncles.
A Carbuncle is a Peflilential Sore, appearing at
firft with a very fmall Puftle, and a Circle about ic
of a red flaming Colour ; which Puftle either open-
ing, or rather the Liquor in ic being fpent by the
extream Heat of the adjacent Part, foon hardens
and grows crufty, the incompaffing Inflammation
fpreading it felf, and by reafon of the corrofive Qua-
lity of the Humour cauterizing that Place where
it fixes : I have feen Carbuncles in mod Parts of
the Body, which proved more or lefs dangerous in
refpect of the Part affected, and the Degree of the
Malignity : I was call'd to one Patient who had a
Carbuncle within two or three Fingers breadth of
a Bubo in the Groin, though they were differently
handled in relation to the Cure, yet the Bufinefs fut-
ceeded very well ; alfo one recovered when there
was a large Carbuncle directly oppofite to the Heart;
a third with one in her Breaft, at the fame time
fhe gave fuck, and the Child difcover'd no other
Infirmity than a Loofnefs during his Mother's Cure ;
another was afflicted with a large Carbuncle very
near the Bottom of the Stomach, and fhe lived un-
til Cicatrization, but then the Malignity retiring
within, took her away.
E Of
16 The <I{ifey Trogrefs, Symptoms,
Of their Magniture.
Carbuncles are fometimes very large; I faw one on
the Thigh above two hands Breadth with a large
Blifter on it, which being open'd by the Chirurgeon,
and Scarification made where the Mortification did
begin> the Patient expired under this Operation ;
but moft commonly thefe Carbuncles do not exceed
the Breadth of three or four Fingers'; after few
Hours the Skin fhrivels into a Cruftincfs of a duskifh
or brownifh Colour : At certain Times, and in
fome efpecialiy fcorbtitical Bodies, thefe Carbuncles
did mortify, and except timely Care was taken by
Immargination, Scarifications or Applications of
actual Cauteries, the Gangreen in few Hours over-
fpread that Part, and deftroyed the Patient ; this
moft faline corrofive Humour was not eafily and
by ordinary Means brought to Digeftion, and con-
fequently not without much Difficulty cured.
Of the Tokens.
Thefe Tokens are Spots upon the Skin of a di-
verfe Colour and Figure, proceeding from chiefly
extravafed Blood, which by reafon of its Stagnation
putrefies and produceth fuch Mortifications, difco-
louring the Skin, fo then thofe Spots which are the
true Tokens, are profound Mortifications caufed
by the Extinction of natural Heat upon the Account
of highly prevailing Malignity, becaufe many Spots
arifing upon the Skin were only cutaneous, and fa
far impos'd on many Searchers and unskilful View-
ers of them, that they declar'd them to be true
Tokens : Experiment was always made upon thefe
Difcolorations by a Lancet or large Needle, to try
whether that Part fo arTe&ed was fenfible ; if not,
then it was moft apparent that fuch Perfons had
and Cure of APLAGU E. 27
thofe fatal Marks upon their Bodies, which were
mod certain Forerunners of Death ; but if the Pa-
tient did difcover Senfe upon the Pricking or Inci-
fion, then fuch Spots being only cutaneous, were
not efteem'd deadly.
Anatomical Obfervations have likewife . informed
us, that thefe Tokens have their Original and Rife
from within, and afterwards externally fhew them-
felves,- which is evident, becaufe theBafis of them is
larger than their outward Appearance, and the in-
ternal Parts are found very often fpotted when there
is no Difcoloration vifible on the Skin.
Of their Figure.
The Figure of thefe Tokens is not always cer-
tain, but generally they are orbicularly fhap'd, as I
fuppofe, by the Pores, to which the extravafated
Blood molt readily tends, and for want of Circula-
tion fixing there, corrupts ; the Pores thus clos'd up
by any cold Check, the Dyaphorefis whereupon the
malignant Corpufcles being retain'd in the Body,
their Attempt to fally out proves unfuccefsful, fo
that they caufe a very great Putrefaction in the
Parts where they fettle ; and foon after, if a fpeedy
Vent is not given, thefe Tokens ftraitways ap-
pear, forefhewing the Event of the Diftemper.
Size.
Thefe Tokens are not of one Size or Bignefs,
fome being broader than a fir.gle Penny, others at
fir ft very fmall, by degrees enlarging and fpreading
themfelves ; to the Touch they feem hard, not unlike
little Kernels under the Skin, the Superficies being
fnooth; yet I faw one where thefe Tokens put out
with little Blifters upon them : Very many were
puzzled to diftinguifh aright between thefe Marks
£ 2 and
28 The %jt, frogrefs, Symptoms,
and the Petechia Peftilentiales, or Peflilential Ap-
pearances in Spotted Fevers, as alfo Scorbutica*
Spots frequently interfpers'd among them : I have
taken notice of many Miflakes upon both thefe Ac-
counts.
Colour.
The Colour of the Tokens was various, in fome
reddifh, with a Circle inclining towards a Blue, in
others they reprefented a faint Blue, the Circle being
blackifh; many were of a brownifh dusky Colour,
like Rufi of Iron or Moles in fome Bodies ,• that the
reddifh and blackifh Tokens were from Blood, is
molt evident, but whether the others might not
proceed from the nervous Liquor extravafated, con-
creted, and mortify \\ by the Malignity, is more
doubtful ; when 1 allay 'd to prove them, I found
th/m almoft impenetrable.
Situation.
Although no Part of Man's Body is fecure from
thefe moll Peflilential Marks, yet the Neck, Bread,
Back and Thighs are mofl apt to them, but thefe
things are fo vulgar that I may very well fpare my
Pains in giving any further Account : That which
did feem at firfl mofl flrange to me, was, that ma-
nyPerfons whohad continu'd in a Delirium through-
out their Sicknefs, fo foon as the Tokens appear'd,
they came to themfelves, and apprehended that they
were in an hopeful and recovering Condition. I
might here relate two eminent Stories, which I
can only without Circumftances mention ; one was
of a Maid whofe Temper feem'd good, her Puife
equal and flrong, her Senfes were perfect at that
time when I was call'd to fee her ,• me complainM
pi no Diforder or Pain, and concluded her felf fc-
^:c; bat when I view'4 her Bread, and difcover'd
very
and Cure of the PLAGUE. 29
very many Tokens, I left her with a Prognoftick,
and within two or three Hours fhe died : Not
long after I vifited an ancient Woman, and found
her at Dinner with a Chicken before her, on which
fhe fed greedily, and had eaten half before I came ;
after a due Enquiry into her Cafe, finding no Satif-
fa&ion either from her Pulfe or Temper, I fearch-
ing her Breaft, obferv'd the Tokens, and me expired
within one or two Hours. That the Tokens do
fomerimes appear after Death, is to be attributed
to the high Ferment in the Peflilential Matter,
which vainly fceking to force its way through the
Skin, imprints there indelible Characters of its ex-
ceflive Malignity.
What is often mentioned in moft Authors con- :
cerning the Flexiblenefs of Bodies kiil'd by the
Peflilence, hath not been confirmed in this Plague ;
for although fuch Bodies were not fo foon rigid and
ftiff as thofe which dy'd of chronical or common
acute Difeafes; yet due Time being allowed, or if
the Bodies were expos'd to the cold Air, there ap-
peared no Difference between them and others.
The Prcgnofticks of the Plague.
7 The PrognofHcks in this Pefl were very fallacious;
for oft-times when all things prefented fair, and the
Patient feem'd pail; Danger, on a fudden the Cafe
was alter'd by the near Approach of Death ; and
on the contrary, in fome whofe Condition upon
many Accounts was judged defperate, an unexpected
Change at a dead Lift happened, which gave full
AtTuranceof a fpeedy Recovery; befides, considering
that the Pefl did primarily feat it felf in the Spirits,
it was not eafy to determine positively the Succefs
of their Conteft, for the Spirits which for a while
were almoft fuftbeated and extinguiuVd, being al-
raoft overpQwer'd with the Peftilential Venom, did
frequently
3 o 7 be ^ife% Trogrefs, Symptoms,
frequently, like the Fire for fome time fuppreffed,
break out into an afpiring Flame, and thereby evi-
dence their Victory ,• and many times the Spirits,
which maintained the Combate very well the firft
Charge, by the fecond Onfet were utterly defeated ;
fo that the Tranfactions of the Spirits are not fo
certainly forefeen as the Progrefs of Difeafes fixed
on any internal or external Member of the Body ;
the beft Prognoftickv is taken from the Strength of
the Patient under a skilful Hand, directing a proper
^nd methodical Cure.
Of the Prefer vat ion from it.
Before I come to the Cure of the Pefl, I (hall fay
fomething touching the great Bufinefs of Preferva-
jdon from it. Nature inftructs us that by ail means
poflible we preferve and fafeguard ourfelves from all
things prejudicial to our Lives ; and Art hath mod
happily, by its Difcoveries, furnifhed apt Remedies
for this purpofe; and the great Succefs of proper and
ft Prefervatives doth irrefragably plead from their
Ufe.
Care in the fir ft place muft be taken to free the
Body from fuperfluous Humours, which may be a
fit Pomes for the Peflilential Ferment, this ought
not to be performed by violent Catharticks, but gen-
tle and yet effectual de-obftru£fcing Medicines, and
then the noble Parts muft be corroborated, their
Ferments and Ufe maintained, and laftly, the B.ood
kept m a due and equal Briskncfs ; and hereupon all
Paflions, efpecially Fear and Anger, are worthily
cenfured by Phyficians, as conducing much to the
Introduction of the Peft ; a moderate and wholfome
Diet muft be cautioufly obferved, and no Error com-
mitted in the other things, termed non-natural j to
conclude, the Society of infected Perfons is carefully
to be avoided -, for certainly it is an high Preemp-
tion,
andCureofthe PLAGUE. 31
tion, that becaufe fome Prefervatives are and have
been effectual to fecure fome Perfons, others taking
the like Antidotes, fhould thereupon adventure into
the utmoft Danger.
The 1'herapeutkk Part.
The Therapeutick Part comes next in order ; but
before I enter upon this Subject, if the Scruple made
by fome, whether the Peftilence is curable, was ground-
ed either on Authority or Reafon, I would endea-
vour to remove it; for however Medicines do prove
alike effectual to refcue all infected Perfons from the
Jaws of Death, Mortality amongft People denoting
the Plague; yet fince that by God's Bleffing, and the
Care and Skill of experienced Phyficians, very many
recover, thefe living Teflimonies do fufficiently evi-
dence the Abfurdity and great Impiety of that Sug-
geftion.
Of the Intentions of Cure.
In relation to the Cure of the Plague, all the In-
tentions which offer themfelves muft be diligently
obferved, and truly anfwered, otherwife no better
Account can be given of Proceedings than what is
produced by ignorant Nurfes, or our pretended
Chymifts. So foon as any Perfon finds or appre-
hends himfelf to be feized by the Contagion, (every
little Illnefs in Time of the Plague being juftly fuf-
pected) 'tis advifable that he forthwith do betake
himfelf to his Bed : Befides, when the Patient is in
that Condition, Nature may more certainly fhew
the Ways fhe deflgns to expel the Malignity, and dif-
covering her Deficiencies, directs the Phyfician, who
is always intent on her Motion, to fuccour her by
his Art : althd' it is found moft convenient that the
Patient fecure himfelf in his Bed, yet 'tis not allow-
1 able
5 z The (SJfe, (progrefs, Symptoms,
able that he fleep until a Check is given to the Vene-
nolity : Indeed fome not well advifed finding them-
felves drowfy, who perhaps were feized with a Stu-
pidnefs or Dulnefs, (igni Tying the word; Quality of
the Contagion, committed themfdves to Reft, and
little thought that by calling in the Peflilential Mat-
ter from the Habit of the Body, and fixing it in the
Brain , fuch Sleep was only preparative to their
Death.
The Ufe of Bliftei
s.
If then any find themfelves thus difpofed, they
muft be kept waking, and roufed up by Veficacories :
Their Ufe, Number and Places, the Phyfician who
is called in will advife : If the Patient vomits, Judg-
ment muft be truly made whether the Stomach is
clogged and loaded with undigefted Meat or Fruit,
or ought elfe taken unfeafonably or immoderately,
that may burden it, and become a fit Fomes for the
Pefi; if the Stomach fuffers upon this account, by
Carduus Polfet-drink taken in a, large Quantity with
Oxymel of Squills, not afcending much higher, it
muft be disburdened and cleanfed ; but if fuch Vo-
mitings are only fymptomatical, as indeed moil
were, proper Remedies muft be directed which may
flop thofe Inclinations to vomit, and expel out of
the Stomach that Peflilential Matter which fo
ftrongly irritates, reftoring like wife the Ferment of
the Stomach, much weakened and injured by this
means ; for which purpofe I cannot too much com-
mend the Fixed Salts of Wormwood, Carduus, Rue,
Scordium, Mafterwort, &c. If like wife Symptoms
appear of the poifonous Ferment fixing in the Bow-
els, and a Flux hereupon happens, it is not fafe
without a moft urgent Caufe to ufe Catharticks, left
a Dyfentery enfue, and the Peflilential Matter be
drawn
<tnd Cure of the PLAGUE. 33
drawn by fuch Evacuatioas from the Circumference
to the Center.
The chief Intention in the Cure.
The chief Intention in the Cure confiding in an
early Expulfion of the Malignity, proper Alexiphar-
micks did moftly contribute to this End, which, by
the expert Phyficians Skill, were adapted to the
Conftitution and prefent Condition of the Patient*
their Vertue and Power perfectly preventing the
great Danger threatened by delay, or the ufe of in-
sufficient Medicines ; for altho' in the Cure of other
Difeafes a Progrefs from lower to higher and more
prevalent Proceffes is very allowable, yet in the Peft,
where Occafion muft be taken by the Foretop, the
Slip of one Opportunity being infinitely difadvanta-
geous, all true Sons of Art imployed their utmoft
Abilities to fele& moft proper Sudorificks,
one Dofe of which might provoke a feafonable and
effectual Sweat, whereby the Bood and Juices of
the Body were depured and freed from that Pefti-
lential Ferment with which they were lately im-
bued ; and fince that this Intention was chiefly to
be obferved, all other Dire&ions having refpecl: un-
to it, Phyficians were hereupon very cautelous left
they mould by any means either divert Nature from
this Courfe, or prejudice her in fuch Defignments :
Hence it was that Phlebotomy was juftly cenfured
as a matter of dangerous Confequence in the Peft,
by which the Fermentation of the Blood was abated,
the Spirits took flight, and Nature became fo debi-
litated, that fhe could no longer combate with hct
implacable Adverfary.
0/
34 Ihe <Rlfey Trogrefs, Symptoms,
of Clyfl.
ers.
It was alfo Matter of great Deliberation to deter-
mine, whether in fome urgent Cafes Clyflers might
fafely be adminiftred, left the Poifon of the Diftem-
per (hall take downwards, and the Diaphorefes be
thereby interrupted ; of fuch high Concernment it
was to maintain a conftant and free Tranfpiration,
which every fifth or fixth Hour, oftner or later, as
there was juft Caufe, was to be forced by Repeti-
tions of Remedies, mightily promoting its expected
Succefs and Benefit. And here another grand Diffi-
culty arifes, whether during thefe Sweats it is con-
venient to nourifh the Patient ? Which I mail thus
refolve : If by reafon of fuch Sweats the Patient finds
his Condition to be bettered, his Appetite not much
dejected, his Thirft abated, and the Paroxifm in
declination, as alfo his Strength near fpent, in fuch
a Cafe it is molt advifable that the Patient be often
indulged Chicken Broth, or whatever may recruit
all Loffes of Spirits in the Encounter, and by this
means that Perfon being refrefhed, will be enabled
to undergo cheerfully the fucceeding Paroxifm, and
to continue his Breathings; but if all Requifltes
fhewing the neceflity of allowing Nourifhment, do
not concur, 'tis far better to abftain from this Courfe,
than adventure its Inconveniences.
Of the Duration of the Sweating.
The Continuance and Length of fuch Sweats were
rightly meafured by the Patient's Relief and Suffici-
ency of Strength to bear them ; but unlefs I mould
ftate the feveral Cafes which happened in the Peft,
it is impoffible that full Directions can be given,
efpecially confidering that Applications in Medicine
altogether relate to Individuals ; and therefore as
there
and Cure o/ffePLAGUE, 3 5
there is a Difference in the fame Difeafe feizing ma-
ny Perfons, fo likewjfe not only various Methods
of Cure, but divers Medicines are fubfervient to
that End.
Of the pretending Chymifls.
As to that Part of your Letter wherein you defire
Satisfaction concerning our pretended Chymifls, I
can only make you this return ; that the People are
now convinced of their Defigns, their moft admired
Preparations proving altogether unfuccefsful, and
their Contrivances being chiefly bent upon more fe-
cret Ways, and a fhorter Cut to gain Eftates, their
intituling Medicines by ftrange Names, as the Quin-
tefience Anima Mundi, Oil of the Heathen Gods,^.
and requiring three Pounds for a Dofe, is a trifling
and flow way to grow rich by, when as an Eftate
may be gained by giving one little, but mofl effe-
ctual Draught.
Thefe fcandalous Opppfers of the College are now
for ever filenced, fince that fo many Members of
that moil honourable Society have ventured their
Lives in fuch hot Service ; their Memory will
doubtlefs furvive Time, who died in the Discharge
of their Duty, and their Reputation flourifh, who
(by God's Providence) efcaped.
Worthy Sir, I am
May $. j 666.
From my Houfe Tour mofl faithful Servant >
in IVatlin-ftreet.
N. Hodges.'
F ;
D?<n
NecelTary Directions
for THE
Prevention and Cure
O F T H E
PLAGUEin 1665.
With divers Remedies of fmall Charge,
by the College of Phyficians.
I. DoBoys, Chirurgecns and Apothecaries,
H E Church- Orders for Prayers being
firft obferved, as in former Times, it
might be defired, that by the Govern-
ment of the City there be appointed fix
or four Do&ors at leaft, who may ap-
ply themfelves to the Cure of the Infected,* and that
thefe Doctors be Stipendiaries to the City for their
Lives ; and that to each Doctor there be afligned
two Apothecaries, and three Chhurgepns, who are alfo
to be ftipended by the City ; that fo due and true
Care may be taken in all things, that the People
perifh not without Help, and that the Infection
fpread not, while none take particular Care to refift
it, as in Paris, Venice and Padua, and many other
Cities.
And
The Advice of the Tbjficians. 37
And if any Dodor, Chirurgeon or Apothecary
{Upended by the City, (hall happen to die in the fer-
vice of the Attendance of the Plague, then their
Widows furviving fhall have their Penfioas during
their Lives.
II. Prevention of propagating the Infection from place to
place.
A
S the Provifion already made by Authority, upon
occafion of prohibiting Perfons and Goods
coming from Foreign Countries and Places infected,
to be landed for Forty Days, is moil: rational, for
preventing the bringing in of the Contagion from any
fuch Places; fo it is advifable, that fome fuitable
Provifion be made in relation to Perfons within the
Kingdom, who may remove or travel from Places
much infe&ed, to found : asy That none might tra-
vel without Certificate of Health; That Perfons jaftly
fufpe&ed might not be fuffered to enter fuch Places
free from Infection, but fpeedily fent away, or kept
in fome Houfe or Houfes fet apart to receive fuch
Perfons (with accommodation of Neceffaries) for
Forty or Thirty Days at leaft, till their Soundnefs
might appear ; and that any Goods coming from the
like Places might be opened and aired, before re-
ceived into Houfes free and clear.
III. Prevention of difperjing the Contagion amongfi
Perfons.
I
T is advifable, That all needlefs Concourfes of
People be prohibited ; That the Poor be relieved
and fet at work, and Beggars not differed to go a<
bout ; That all fale of corrupt Provifion for Food be
reftrained; That Streets and Houfes be as diligently
and carefully as may be, kept clean ; The Streets
wafhed and cooled as much as may be, by the plen-
tiful
j 8 The AdYtce of the Tbyficians.
tiful running of the Conduits and Water otherwife
procured.
It were alfo to be wifhed, that the Slaughter-
Houfes were utterly put from out the Liberties of
the City, being in themfelves very ofTenfive : And
that Funnels in Church Vaults be confidered of, and
the depth of Graves, and the putting of Qiu'ck-
Lime into them, and the infe&ed buried without the
City
IV. To be cautelous upon any Sufpicion.
T T is to be prefumed, becaufe every one defireth
•*- his own Liberty, that none will give notice of any
fufpicion of the Plague againfl ' themfelves ; where-
fore that muft be the Overfeers care, upon any notice
or fufpicion of Infe&ion, by the help of the Doctors,
Chirurgeons, Keepers or Searchers, to find out the
Truth thereof, and foto proceed accordingly, but not
to depend upon the Teftimony of Women-Searchers
alone.
V. Directions for the Searchers.
i /T^H e y are to take notice, whether there be any
-*■ Swellings, Rifings, or Botch under the Ear,
about the Neck, on either Side, or under the Arm-
pits of either Side, or the Groins, and of its Hard-
nefs, and whether broken or unbroken.
2. Whether there be any Biains which may rife in
any part of the Body in the form of a Blifler, much
bigger than the Small-Pox, of a draw Colour or
livid Colour, which latter is the worfer ; either of
them hath a reddifh Circuit, fomething fwollen
round about it, which Circuit remains after the
Blifler is broken, encompafllng the Sore.
3. Whether there be any Carbuncle, which i§
fomething like the Blain, but more fiery and cor-
rofive,
Tl;e AAvhe of the Tbyficians* 3 9
rofive, eafily eating deep into the Flefh, and fome-
times having a black Cruft upon it, but always
compared about with a very fiery red ( or livid )
flat and hard Tumour, about a Finger's breadth
more or lefs : This and the Blain may appear in
any Part of the Body.
4. Whether there be any Tokens, which are Spots
arifing upon the Skin, chiefly about the Breaft and
Back, but fometimes alfo in other Parts ; their Co-
lour is fomethiog various, fometimes more reddifh,
fometimes inclining a little toward a faint blue, and
fometimes brownifh mix'd with blue ; the red ones
have often a purple Circle about them, the brownifh,
a reddifh.
5. Whether the Neck and other Limbs are rigid
or ftiff, or more flexible and limber than in other
dead Bodies.
VI. The Care to be taken when a Houfe is vifited.
IT* HAT upon the Difcovery of the Infection in
-*■ any Houfe, there be prefently Means ufed to
preferve the Whole, as well as to cure the Infected :
And that no lick Perfon be removed out of any
Houfe, tho" to another of his own, without Notice
thereof to be given to the Overfeers, and to be by
them approved : Or if the Whole be to be removed,
that Notice be given to the Overfeers of their Re-
move ,* and that Caution be given that they mail not
wander about till they be found.
The Houfe that is known to be infected, tho'
none be dead therein, to be fhut up, and carefully
kept watched by more trufty Men than ordinary
Wardens, till a Time after the Party be well reco-
vered, and that Time to be forty Days at the leafr,
or rather remove them all immediately to the Peft-
houfes,
VII. Can-
40 The AdVice of the Tbyficians.
VII. Caution about apparel and Houjhold-Stuff.
- o Apparel or Houfhold Stuff be removed*
d oat of the infected Houfe, for fix Months
Infection is ceafed in the Houfe ; and that
be Brokers and inferior Criers for Apparel bere-
| m that behalf, and fnch Apparel or Houf^
hoid-Stuff to be aired and fumed.
VIII. Correction of the Air,
TPlres made in the Streets, and often with Stink-
•** Pots, and good Fires kept in and about the
Houfes of fuca as are vifited, and their Neighbours
may correct the infectious Air ; as alfo frequent dif-
charging of Guns.
Alfo Fumes of thefe following Materials ; Ro-1
fin, Pitch, Tar, Turpentine, Frankincenfe, Myrrhe*
Amber; the Woods of Juniper, Cyprefs, Cedars ;
the Leaves of Bays, Rofemary; to which, efpecial-
ly to the lefs grateful fcented, may be added fome-
what of Labdanum, Storaxy Benzoin, Lignum Aloes t
One or more of thefe, as they are at Hand, or may
be procured, are to be put upon Coals, and conta-
ined with the leaft Flame that may be, in Rooms*
Houfes, Churches, or other Places.
Brimfione burnt plentifully in any Room or Place,
though ill to be endured for the prefent, may effe-
ctually correct the Air for the future.
Vapours from Vinegar exhaled in any Room*
may have the like Efficacy ; efpecially after it hath
been impregnated, by infufing or iteeping in it any
one or more of thefe Ingredients ; Wormwood, An-
gelica, Mafterwort, Bay-Leaves, Rofemary, Rue*
Sage, Scordium, or Water- Germander, Valerium, or
Setwall-Root, Zedoary, Camphire. To which Vi-
negar alfo, to render it lefs ungrateful, may be:
added
The Advice of the Tbyficians. 41
added Rofewater,to a fourth or third Part : Thefe arc
cooler, and fo more proper for hot Seafons.
The Vapour of Vinegar raifed by flaking of Lime
in it, may effectually correct the Air near about it.
Take Salt- Peter, Amber, Brimftone, of each two
farts, of Juniper one part ; mix them in a Pow-
der, put thereof upon a red hot Iron, or Coals, a
little at once.
IX. Perfuming of Apparel.
'TpHis alfo may preferve from Infection, being
**■ done by fome of the more grateful of the dry
Fumes of the Gums, &c. before-mentioned to be
burnt; and between whiles frequent (hitting and air-
ing of Apparel may be, efpecially by the Fire, or
in the Sun, the more effectual ; this to be done the
rather, if one hath come in Danger of Infection.
X. By carrying about of Perfumes.
CUch as are to go abroad, (hall do well to carry
^ Rue, Angelica, Mafterwort, Myrrhe, Scordi-
um, or Water-germander, Wormwood, Valerian,
or Setwall-Rooc, Virgi-iian-Snake-Rooc, or Zedoa-
ry in their Hands to fmell to • and of thole they
may hold or chew a little in their Mouths as they
go in the Streets ; they may anoint their Noftrils
with Oil of Amber, or Ballam of Sulphur ; efpeci-
ally if they be afraid of any Place : Fear, as well as
Prefumption, being hurtful.
Take Rue one handful, (tamp it in a Mortar, put
thereto Vinegar enough to moilten it, mix them
well, then (train Out the Juice, wet apiece of Spunge,
or a Toait of brown Bread therein, tie it in a thin
Gloth, bear i: about to fmell to.
Take the Root of Angelica beaten grofly, the
Weight of fix Pence, of Rue, and Wormwood, of
G each
4& T/;e AdVice of tfo Vhyficians.
each the Weight of four Pence, Setwall the Weight
of three Pence ; bruife thefe, then fteep them in a
little Wine- Vinegar, tie them in a Linen Cloth>
which they may carry in their Hands, or put it into
a Juniper- Box full of Holes to fmeil to.
XI. Or they may ufe this Pomander.
*TpAke Angelica, Rue, Zedoary, of each half a
• Dram,Myrrh two Drams, Camphire fix Grains,
Wax and Labdanum> of each two Drams, more or
lefs, as (hall be thought fit to mix with the other
Things ; make hereof a Ball to carry about you ;
you may eafily make a Hole in it, and fo wear it a-
bout your Neck with a String.
XII. The richer Sort may make ufe of this Vomander.
'TpAke Citron-Peels, Angelica-Seeds, Zedoary,
■*• Red-Rofe- Leaves, of each f half a Dram, yel-
low Saunders, Lignum Aloes, of each one Scruple,
Gallia Mofcbatts four Scruples, Storax, Benzoin, of
each one Dram, Camphire fix Grains, Lahdanum
three Drams, Gum-Tragacanth diffolved in Rofe-
water, enough to make it up into a Pomander, put
thereto fix Drops of Spirit of Rofes, inclofe it to an
Ivory -Box, or wear it about your Neck.
XIII. By inward Mediums.
T E T none go falling forth ; every one according
J-' as they can procure, let them take fome fuch
thing as may refift Putrefaction.
Some may take Garlick with Butter, a Clove, two
or three, according as it mail agree with their Bo-
dies; fome may take falling, fome of the Ele&uary
with Figs and Rue hereafter expreffed : Some may
ufe £o»<foB-Treacle, the Weight of eight Pence in the
Morning
The AdVice of the Tbyftcians. 4 3
Morning, taking more or lefs, according to the age
of the party ; after one Hour let them eat fome o-
ther Breakfaft, as Bread and Butter with fome Leaves
of Rue, or Sage moiftned with Vinegar, and in the
heat of Summer, of Sorrel or Wood- Sorrel.
Pure Water with fo much Salt as may be but
tailed, or well born ; or with Flour of Brimftone, or
common Brimftone boiled in it, an ounce in three
Pints, to a Quart ; a draught being taken every
Morning, hath proved effectual and fuccefsful.
i^dP* On this Plague Water, Dr. Hodges in his Loimo-
logia obferves ; That it is to be taken notice, that in
the Cure of a Veflilence, the Medicinal terms are not
to be pompoufly contrived with a long Catalogue of
Ingredients, but carefully adapted in every refpeft
to the Circumftances and Exigencies of the Infe&ed,
It is alfo to be obferved, that this Water is by no
means indifferently to be given to all, or to every one.
in the fame manner ♦ as for inftance, not at all to
Women under their Menftrual Purgations, leaft it
mould provoke them to flow too immoderately ; nor
is it to be allowed to Women with Child, for fear
of Mifcarriage.
To fteep Rue, Wormwood or Sage all Night in
their Drink, and to drink a good Draught in the
Morning fading, is very wholefom , or to drink £
Draught of fuch Drink, after the taking of any of
the Prefervatives, will be very good.
Take of Sage bruifed well, two Handfuls, of
Wormwood one Handful, of Rue half a Handful ;
put them into a Jugg of four Quarts, put to them of
mild Beer ready to Drink four Quarts ; in the
Morning, let every one of the Family drink a
Draught of it fading together, eating after it Bread
and Butter.
a G 1
44 Tfo Advice of the Vbyficians.
Take of the Roots of Petajitis, or Butterbur fix
Ounces, Roots of Elecampane, Mafterwort and An-
gelica, of each an Ounce and half, Leaves of Mea-
dow-fweet, Scordium, Bawm, of each two Handfuls,
Rue and Wormwood, of each ,one Handful, Citron
(or Limon) Peel, Nutmeg, of each half an Ounce,
of Juniper-berries ripe and pulpey, two Ounces, of
Carduus Seed, one. Ounce : All duly prepared by
cutting and bruifing, are to be mixed and put into a
Bag, to infufe in fix Gallons of Ale or Beer, whereof
may be drunk a Draught every Morning and Even-
ing ; and at Meals it may be mingled with ordinary
Beer.
Take of the Conferve of Wood-Sorrel two Ounces,
of Diafcordium two Drams, of the Flour of Brim-
flone very finely ground one Dram, of Saffron three
Grains, of Syrup of Wood-Sorrel, as much as is fuffi-
cient to make an Electuary : For prevention, take a
Dram every Morning failing, during the imminent
danger: Let the Party drink after it a Draught of
Whitewine Poffet, with a Spoonful and half of the
'Plague Water in it in Bed, or of this Water fol-
lowing.
Take of Angelica, Carduus BcnediElus, Sage, Scor-
diumy Petafitisy or Butterburr, Baum, and Plantain, of
each four Handfuls, of Setwall and Borage, of each
two Handfuls, of Mint one Handful, of Whitewine
two Quarts ; diftil them in a cold Still, and preferve
the Water for ufe.
XIV. The Piague Water of Matthias, pr, Aqua Epi-
demica.
*~p A k e the Roots of Tormentil, Angelica, Peony;
-*■ £edoary, Liquorifh, Elecampane, of eaeh half
an Ounce, the Leaves of Sage, Scordiumy Celandine,
Rue, Rofemary, Wormwood, Ros Solis, Mugwort,
Burnet, Dragons, Scabipus^ Agrintonj, Baum, Car-
dttus^
7k Jdvke of the Thyjiciam* 45
duns, Betony, Centery the Lefs, Marygolds Leaves
and Flowers, of each one handful ; let them all be
cut, bruifed, and infufed three Days in eight Pints
of Whitewine in the Month of Mayy and diftilled.
Take of Z.W0/2- Treacle two Ounces, of Conferve
of Wood Sorrel three Ounces, of the temperate Cor-
dial Species half an Ounce, of Syrup of Limons e-
nough to make all an Electuary : Of this may be
taken a Dram and half for Prevention, and the dou-
ble Quantity for Cure.
Steep Juniper-Berries in Vinegar for a Night, let
the Vinegar be exhaled off,- eat thereof at plea-
fure.
An Electuary of Bole-Armeniack, as much as you
pleafe ; or of the Powders whereof the Treacle Din-
tefferon is made, mixed up with Syrup of Vinegar •
or an Eleftuary of Zedoary, with Syrup of Limons,
are eafily made># and very effectual, being taken as
the former.
In all Summer Plagues it mall be good to ufe Sor-
rel Sawce to be eaten in the Morning with Bread,
and in the Fall of the Leaf to ufe the Juice of Bar-
beries- with Bread alfo.
XV. Or this will be effectual alfo.
npAke twenty Walnuts, pill them, Figs fifteen,
•*- Rue a good handful, Tormentil Roots three
Drams, Bole-Armoniack a Dram and a half. Firft
ftamp your Roots, then your Figs and Seeds, then
add your Walnuts, then put to your Rue and Bole;
and with them put thereto fix Drams of London-
Treacle, and two or three Spoonfuls of Wine Vine-
gar, mix them well in a Stone Mortar, and take of
this every Morning the quantity of a good Nutmeg
failing ; They that have caufe to go much abroad,
may take as much more in the Evening two Hours
frefore Supper,
Take
4 6 The AdVtce of the tpbyficians.
Take of Figs Half a Pound, of Walnut Kernels
two Ounces, of dried Rue-Leaves one Ounce, of
Salt Half an Ounce, of the Root of Petafitis fix
Drams, Contrayerva Root, Virginian Snake-root, Salt
of Prunella, of each a Dram and half, of Zedoary
a Dram, of Sugar diffolved in Vinegar to a Syrup,
enough to make all into an Electuary.
Hereof may be taken a Dram, or the Quantity
of a Nutmeg every Morning and Evening.
XVI. For Women with Child, Children, and fuch as
cannot take Bitter Things, life this.
'"pAke Conferve of Red Rofes, Conferve of Wood
■*■ Sorrel, of each two Ounces, Conferves of Bo-
rage, of Sage Flowers, of each fix Drams, Bole-
Armoniack, Shavings of Harts-horn, Sorrel Seeds,
of each two Drams, yellow or wh^jte Saunders half
a Dram, Saffron one Scruple, Syrup of Wood Sorrel,
enough to make it a moift Electuary ; mix them well,
take fo much as a Chefnut at a time, once or twice
a Day, as you fhall find Caufe.
XVII. For the Richer Sort.
T^Ake the Shavings of Harts-horn, of Pearl, of
•*- Coral, of Tormentii Roots, Zedoary, true
'Terra Sigillata, of each one Dram, Citron Pills, yel-
low, white and red Saunders, of each half a Dram,
white Amber, Hyacinth Stone prepared, of each
two Scruples, Bezoar Stone of the Eaft, Unicorns-
horn, of each four and twenty Grains, Citron and
Orange Peels candied, of each three Drams, Lignum
Aloes one Scruple, white Sugar-candy twice the
Weight of all the reft ; mix them well, being made
into a Dredge Powder. Take the Weight of Twelve-
pence at a time every Morning fafting, and alfo in
the
The Advice of the Phyficians. 47
the Evening about Five a Clock, or an Hour before
Supper.
With thefe Powders and Sugar there may be made
Lozenges, or Manw> Chrifti's, and with convenient
Conferves they may be made into Electuaries. All
which, and many more for their Health, they may
have by the Advice and Directions of their own Phy-
ficians : or, as we hope, Phyficians will not be want-
ing to direct them as they may have need, to the
Poor for Charity fake.
They may alfo ufe Bezoar-water, or Treacle-water
diftilled, compounded by the Phyficians of London,
and known by the name of Aqua Tberiacalis Stillati-
tiay which they may ufe fimply ; or they may mix
them alfo with all their Antidotes, as occafion fhall
require.
Take of Ambergreafe a Scruple, diflblve it in four
Ounces of the beft Spirit of Sack ; take hereof every
Morning a Scruple, with Crumbs of White Bread
and Sugar of Rofes* Balfam of Sulphur to four or
five Drops, or Elixir Proprietatis to twenty or thirty
Drops, in Wine, or Water and Sugar, may be effe-
ftual.
The ufe of ZWo/z-Treacle is good, both to pre-
ferve from the Sicknefs, as alfo to cure the Sick, be-
ing taken upon the firff Apprehenfion in a greater
Quantity, as to a Man two Drams, but lefs to a
weak Body, or a Child, in Carduus or Dragon-
water.
Take of the fineft clear Aloes you can buy, of
Cinnamon, of Myrrh, of each of thefe the Weight
of three French Crowns, or of Two and twenty Pence
of our Money, of Cloves, Mace, Lignum Aloes, of
Maftick, of Bole Oriental, of each of thefe half an
Ounce ; mingle them together, and hwat them into
a very fine Powder, of the which take every Morn-
ing falling the Weight of a Groat in Whitewine de-
luyed with Water.
Take
48 The AdYice of the Thyjiciam.
Take the Powder of Tormentil^ the Weight of
Six-pence, with sorrel or Scabious Water in Sum-
mer, and in the Winter with the Water of Valerian,
or common Drink, wherein hath been infufed the
fore-named Herbs.
Or elfe, in one Day they may take a little Worrri-
wood and Valerian, with a Grain of Salt; in ano-
ther Day they may take feven or eight Berries of Ju-
niper dried, and put in Powder, and taking the fame
with common Drink, or with Drink in which Worm-
wood and Rue hath been fteeped all Night.
Alfo the Treacle called Diatejfaron, which is made
but of four Things, of light Price, eafy to be had :
The Ingredients are, Gentian, Bay-Berries, Myrrh*
and Ariftolochia the round, in equal Proportion, made
into an Electuary with three times the Weight of
Honey.
Alfo the Root of Elicampane taken in Powdet
with Drink.
Likewife a piece of Orris Root kept in the Mouth
as Men pafs in the Streets.
Take fix Leaves of Sorrel, warn them with Wa-
ter and Vinegar, let them lie in the faid Water and
Vinegar a while, then eat them falling, and keep
in your Mouth and chew now and then either Set-
wall, or the Root of Angelica, or a little Cinamon,
or four Grains of Myrrh, or fo much of Rattle-fnake
Root : Goats Rue may be eaten in Salads, or the
Juice or Deco&ion thereof in Broth or Poflet-drinkj
may be fo ufed to very good purpofe.
XVIII. IJfuis.
CUch as are tied to neceffary Attendance on the
• Infe&ed, as alfo fuch as' live in Vifited Houfes,
fliall do well to caufe Iflues to be made in their Arms
or Legs, or both, as the Phyfician fliall think fit.
XIX. Bleed-
Tl)e AdVice of the Tbyjicians. 49
XIX. Bleeding, Purging, Vomiting,
/"T"*Hefe three great Remedies rarely have place in
-*• the Plague, but are generally dangerous, (and
moft of all, Purging by any ftrong Medicines) and
therefore not to be ufed but upon forne extraordinary
urgent, indicant, or juft Occafion, and with the
greateft Caution, which only an able Phyiician can
judge of ; and therefore, no Advice in general can
be given ; only it any Perfon be taken lick upon a
full Stomach, from eating lately before, or Meat
undigefted ; it is advifable thatfuch Perfon difchargc
or get the Stomach emptied with all fpeed, by a
large quantity of Carduus, or plain PofTet Drink, or
warmWater, provoking by a Feather or Finger in the .
Throat as is ufual : And when need requires, to
open or keep foluble the Body, the Pills of Rufus^
commonly called Peflilential Pills, are the beft and
mod proper to be ufed.
XX. Medicines expulfive.
>HpHe Poifon is expelled beft by Sweating, prove-
-*• ked by PolTet-Ale, made with Fennel and Ma-
rygolds in Winter, and with Sorrel, Buglofs. and
Borage in Summer j with the which in both Times
they muft mingle London- Treacle, the Weight of
two Drams, and fo lay themfeives with all Quiet-
nefs to Sweat.
For thofe that are able to bear it, this Courfe is
effectual, and hath proved fuccefsful : Let the Par-
ty take a large Dofe of any of tnefe Cordials that
is next .it hand, that is to fay, of London- ■ I reacle,
or Diafcordiuiri, of either half an Ounce, orofMe-
thridate a quarter of an Ounce, or of Fenice-Trea-
de half a quarter, or a quarter of an Ounce at moft,
in a Draught of Poflet-Drink made with Whitewine,
H or
5 o Tfye Mvke of the Thyficians.
M^yjpagar ; then Jet him be put to Bed to Sweat,
well coveredx$farBlanket, without his Shirt, for 24
r^oujp j^Jg^nixth Hour renewing his Cordial, but
^Irr^m^trTe quantity formerly directed ; between
whiles refrefhing him with PoiTet-Drink, Oatmeal-
Caudle, or thin Broths made Gellywife, or Harts-
horn Gelly.
If the Perfon be unapt to fweat, lay two or three
Bricks quenched in Vinegar, wrapped up in a Wool-
len Cloth, to his Body, to promote it.
At the fame time that he applieth himfelf to fweat,
he muft apply Blifters to the Parts of his Body, as is
elfe where directed ; or Setons with Briony, Helle-
bore, or Setterwort-Roots, doth exceeding well on
the fame Occafion.
Take of Angelica-Root two Ounces, of Tor-
mentil-Root an Ounce and half, make a Deco&ion
in two Pints of Water to a Pint and half, add three
Ounces of Juice of Limon, or an Ounce and half
of Vinegar ; let the Sick drink a Draught as he can
bear, and repeat it at two or three Hours Diflance.
Take of Mithridate to the quantity of two Drams,
or of IcWotf-Treacle, or of Diafcotdium to three
Drams, or of Venice -Treacle to a Dram and half ;
diffolve either of them in a quarter of a Pint of Vi-
negar, and drink it.
Take of£Wce-Treaclea Dram, Diafcordium two
Scruples, Salt of Wormwood, Crabs-eyes, of each
a Scruple, Treacle- Water an Ounce and half, Juice
otLimons, or Vinegar, two Ounces, for one Dofe.
For the Cure of the Infected upon the firfl: Appre-
henfion, Bur-Seeds, Cochinele, Powder of Harts-
horn, Citron-Seeds, one or more of them, with a
few Grains of Camphire, are good to be given in
Carduus or Dragon- Water, or with fome Trcacle-
.Water.
Take
The Advice of the Tbyficians. 5 1
Take of Whitewine- Vinegar from half a quarter
to a quarter of a Pint, mixed with Salt, from twen-
ty Grains to forty ; drink it warm, and fweat upon
it : Or take the Juice of freih Cow-Dung, drained
with Vinegar, from three Spoonfuls to feven.
XXI. Avicen'/ Medicine.
rT,Ake of Bole-Armeniack a Dram, of Juice of O-
rangc half an Ounce, of Whitewine an Ounce,
of Red-rofe Water two ounces ,• mix them, and
give it as foon as the Party fufpe&s the Difeafe ; if
it be vomited, repeat it again ; if vomited again,
repeat it the fecond time.
Take of Burr-Seeds half a Dram, of Cochinele
half a Scruple, of Camphire five Grains ; mix thefe
with two Ounces of Carduus, or Dragon-Water,
half an Ounce of Treacle-Water, Syrup of Wood-
forrel a Spoonful ; mix thefe, give it the Patient
warm, cover him to fweat ; you may give him a fe-
1 cond Draught after twelve Hours ; let him drink no
I cold Drink : This Poffet-Drink, or the like, will be
good to give the Vifited liberally.
Take Citron-Seeds, fix or eight, Shavings of
Hartfhorn half a Dram, London-Treacle one Dram;
mix them with two Ounces of Carduus-Water, or
with three Ounces of the prefcribed Poffet-Drink ;
drink it warm, and fo lie to fweat.
Take Sorrel-Water, five or fix Spoonfuls, Trea-
cle-Water one Spoonful, lo/^o/z-Treacle one Dram
md a half; mix them well, give it warm, and fo
ay the Patient to fweat.
Take Tormentil, and Celandine Roots, of each
our Ounces, Scabious and Rue, of each one Hand-
ul and a half, Whitewine- Vinegar three Pints ; boil
hefe till one Pint be waited, ftrain out the Liquor,
vhich referve for the ufe of the Infe&ed : Let it be
aken thus :
? H 2 Take
5 2 The Advice of the fhyficians.
Take of this Liquor, and of Card uus- Water, of
each one Oance and an half, LoWo/z-Treacle one
Dram and an half, Bole-Armeniack half a Scruple,
put thereto a little Sugar ; mix them well, let the
Party drink it warm, and cover him to fweat.
XXII. In Summer this is good.
'TAkethe Juice of Wood-Sorrel two Ounces, the
Juice of Limons one Ounce, Diafcordium one
Dram, Cmamon fix Grains, Vinegar half an Ounce ;
give it warm, and lay the fick Party to fweat ; ufe
this in cafe of Fluxes of the Belly, or want of Reft.
Take of Treacle of Andrcmachus, or Venice-Titi-
cle, from half a Dram to a Dram ; or of Eletluari-
um de OvOy from a Scruple to half a Dram, in warm
Poflet-Ale, as foon as you fufpect your felf infected,
going to Bed, and fweating upon it.
Take of the Roots of Butter-burr, the inner Bark
of Afh, of each a Pound ; Rue, Scordium, Ange-
lica, Meadow-Sweet, Dragons, Carduus, of each
three Handfuls ,• Whitewine and Vinegar, of each
two Qui arts ; let them infufe for a Day or two, and
after be diftilled ; adding to the reft"" (i( to be had)
fix Handfuls of the green Rinds of Walnuts : Let the
Water be fweetned with the Syrup of Wood-Sorrel,
adding to two Quarts half a Dram of Camphire,
and three Drams of Spirit of Sulphur : This Water
may be given from two Ounces to four.
Take of the Roots of Butter- burr eight Ounces 5
let them be infufed in a Gallon of Ale for four and
twenty Hours, and then diftilled in a Limbick ; add
to the diftilled Water fix Pints of a ftrong Decocti-
on of Carduus ; and in thefe Liquors infufe Roots
of Burer-burr, Mafterwort, Angelica, Valerian, off
each fix Ounces, Elecampane-Root an Ounce]
Leaves of Scordium, Bawm, of each three Handfuls,.
of Juniper-Berries half an Ounce : After four anc
twenty
Tk Achnce of the Tbyficians. 5 5
twenty Hours infufing in a Bath or hot Water, make
a fecond Diitillation. Qt this Water may be given
three or tour Ounces with warm Poflet Ale.
Take of the Root Butterbur^ otherwife called
Peftilent-wort. one Ounce, of the Root of Great-
Valerian a quarter of an Ounce, of Sorrel an Hand-
ful ; boil all thefe in a Quart of Water to a Pint,
then drain it, and put thereto two Spoonfuls of
Vinegar, and diflblve in it two Ounces of good
Sugar : Let the Infected drink of this, fo hot as he
may differ it, a good Draught, and if he chance to
caff it up again, let him take the fame quantity
ftraitway upon it, and provoke himfelf to fweat.
Take of the Powder of good Bay-Berries, the
Husk taken away from them before they be dried,
or of Ivy-Berries well dried, a Spoonful ; let the Pa-
tient drink this well mingled in a Draught of good
dale Ale or Beer, or with a Draught of Whitewine,
and go to Bed, and call himfelf into a Sweat, and
forbear Sleep.
Take the inward Bark of the Afh Tree one Pound,
of Walnuts with the Green outward Shells, to the
Number o£ Fifty, cut thefe fmall ; of Scabious, of
Vervin, oreach a Handful, of Saffron two Drams,
pour upon thefe the ftrongeft Vinegar you can get,
four Pints, let them a little boil together upon a
very foft Fire, and then ftand in a very clofe Pot,
well flopt all Night upon the Embers, after diftil
them with a foft Fire, and receive the Water clofe
kept. Give unto the Patient laid in Bed and well
covered with Cloaths, two Ounces of this Water to
drink, and let him be provoked to Sweat • and
every eight Hours (during the fpace of four and
twenty Hours) give him the fame quantity to drink.
Care mud be taken in the ufe of thefe Sweating
Cordials, that the Party infe&ed, fweat two or
three Hours, or rather much longer, if he have
Strength, and deep not till the Sweat be over, and
2 that
j 4 7be Advice of the (Pkyjicians.
that he have been well wiped with warm Linnen,
and when ne hath been dried, let him wafh his
Mouth with Water and Vinegar warm, and let his
Face and Hands be wafhed with the fame. When
thefe tilings are done, give him a good Draught of
Bioth iruue with Ch.cken or Mutton, with Rofema-
ry, Th) me, Sorrel, Succory and Marygolds ; or elfe
Water- Giewei, with Rofemary and Winter- Savory
or Tnyme, Panado feafoned with Verjuice, or Juice
of Wood-Sorrel : For their Drink, let it be Small
Beer warmed, with a Toaft, or Water boiled with
Carraway-Seed, Carduus-Seed, and a Cruft of Bread,
or fuch PoiTet- Drink as is mentioned before in the
fecond Medicine ; after fome Nutriment, let them
deep or reft, often warning their Mouth with Water
and Vinegar.
Thefe Cordials muft be repeated once in eight,
ten, or twelve Hours at the furtheft.
If the Party infected, Vomit up his Medicine, then
repeat it prefently.
XXIII. Medicines External.
\7 Esicatories applied behind the Ears, about
* the Wrifts, near the Arm-pits, on the infide of
the Thighs, and near the Groins, will draw forth
the Venom.
For the Swelling under the Ears, Armpits, or in
the Groins, they mufl be always drawn forth and
ripened, and broke with allfpeed.
Thefe Tumours, and much more the Carbuncles
and B'ains, do require the care and skill of the ex-
pert Chirurgeon : but not to leave the poorer Sort de-
flitute of good Remedies, thefe following are very
good.
Pull off the Feathers from the Tails of living
Cocks, Hens, Pigeons or Chickens, and holding
their Bills, hold them hard to the Botch or Swelling,
and
Tte advice of the (Phyftcians. 5 5
and fo keep them at that Part until they die ; and by
this means draw out the Poifon. It is good to ap-
ply a Cupping- Glafs, or Embers in a Difb, with 2
handful of Sorrel upon the Embers.
XXIV. To break theTumour.
/T^ A k e a great Onion, hollow it, put into it a
■*■ Fig, Rue cut fmall, and a Dram of Venice-
Treacle, put it clofe flopt in a wet Paper, and roaft
it in the Embers ; apply it hot unto the Tumour, lay
three or four, one after another, let one lie three
hours.
Or it may be better to roll the Onion and Fig
apart, the Onion being kept whole, and then, that
all be beaten and mixed together.
Take Roots of white Lillies, Figs, Leeks roafted,
of each an Ounce, of Lime-Seed half an Ounce, let
them be beat together in a Mortar, and mixed with
fix Drams of old four Leaven, adding as muchOil of
Lillies as may give a due Confidence : Let it be ap-
plied to the Tumour till it ripen and break • which
laft, if it do not in a long time, it may be opened
by Incifion, or a Cauftick, applied upon, or a little
below it.
Scabious and Sorrel roafted in the Embers, mixt
with a little ftrong Leaven, and fome Barrows-
Greafe, and a little Salt, will draw it and break
it.
Take two or three roafted Onions, a Lilly-Root
or two, roafted, a Handful of Scabious ro fted, four
or five Figs, a piece of Leaven, and a little Rue, iLmp
all thefe together ; if it be too dry, put to it of
Oil of Lillies as much as (hall be needful, or fo much
fait Butter; make a Pultice, apply it hot, after it
hath lain three or four Hours take it off, and burn it,
and apply a frefh Pultice of the fame, if it prove
hard
J 6 The Acfoice of tbeThyficidns.
hard to break, and a little burnt Copperas to the
Pultice.
Or this,
^TAk£ the Flowers of Elder two Handfuls,
-*■ Rocket-Seed bruifed one Ounce, Pigeons Dung
three Drams : Scamp thefe together, put to them a
little Oil of Liilies, make thereof a Pultice, apply it,
and change it as you did the former.
XXVI. To draw.
TIT" H e n it is broken, to draw it, and heal it,
* * take the Yolk of an Egg, one Ounce of Honey
of Rofes, Turpentine half an Ounce, Wheat-Flour
a little, Lotfdow-Treacle a Dram and a half ; mix thefe
well, fpread it upon Leather, change it twice Day*
or take Diachylon cum Gummis.
XXVII. For the Carbuncle.
A P p l y an actual potential Cautery, laying a De-
" fenfative of Bole-Armeniack, or Terra Sigillata>
mixed with Vinegar, and the White of an Egg,
round about the Tumour, but not upon it.
Take three or four Cloves of Garlick, Rue half
a Handful, four Figgs, ftrong Leaven, and the Soot
of a Chimney in which Wood hath been burnt, of
each half an Ounce, Muftard-Seed two Drams,
Salt a Dram and a half ; ftamp thefe well together^
and apply it hot to the Sore ; you may put thereto
a little fait Butter, if it be too dry.
Or thisy
Ake Leaven half an Ounce, Radifh-Roots, the
bigger the better, an Ounce and an half* Muftard-
Seed
The Advice of tie Plyficians. 49
Seed two Drams, Onions and Garlick roafted, of
each two Drams and an half, Venice-Txt&ite. or Mi-
tbridatum three Drams; mixthefe in aMorcar, apply
it hot thrice a Day to the Sore.
But thefe Sores cannot be well ordered and cured
without the perfonal Care of a difcreet Chirurgeon.
Take of Scabious two Handfuls, ftampj it in 3
Stone Mortar, then put into it of old Swines Greafe
faked two Ounces, and the Yolk of an Egg ; ilamp
them well together, and lay part of this warm to
the Sore.
Take of the Leaves of Mallows, of Camomil
Flowers, of each of them a Handful, of Linfeed
beaten into Powder, two Ounces, boil the Mallow
Leaves firft cut, and the Flowers of Camomil in
fair Water, (landing about a Finger's breadth, boil
all them together, until all the Water be almoil fpent,
then put thereunto the Linfeed, of Wheat Flower,
half a Handful, of Swines Greafe, the Skins taken
away, three Ounces, of Oil of Lillies two Ounces,
ftir them ftill with a Stick, and let them all boil to-
gether on a foft Fire without Smoke, until the Wa-
ter be utterly fpent ; beat them all together in a
Mortar until they be well incorporated, and in feel-
ing fmooth, and not rough 5 then take Part thereof
hot in a Dim, fet upon a Chaflng-difli of Coals, and
lay it thick upon a Lmnen Cloth, applying it to the
Sore.
Take a white Onion cut in pieces, of frefh But-
ter three Ounces, of Leaven the Weight of Twelve-
pence, of Mallows one Handful, of Scab'ous one
Handful, of Cloves of Garlick the Weight of Twen-
ty Pence ; boil them on the Fire in fufficient Water,
and make a Pultice of it, and lay it warm to the
Sore,
I Anothtr.
50 The Jdvice of the fbyficians.
Another.
TF you cannot have thefe Herbs, it is good to lay
-*- a Loaf of Bread to it hot, as it cometh out of the
Oven, (which afterward fhall be burnt, or buried in
the Earth) or the Leaves of Scabious or Sorrel roaft-
ed, or two cr three Lilly Roots roiled under Em-
bers, beaten and applied.
It will be good to fo* bear all crude and moift
Fruits, as Cucumbers, Melons, Plumbs, Cherries,
Peaches, and raw Herbs and Sallads, |as Lettice,
Spinage, Radifli, and fuch like ; or to be moderate
in the ufe of them, mix'd with Oil and Vinegar.
*T^Hofe that are delighted with Chymical Medi-
-*- cines only, may make ufe of fome of thefe fol-
lowing, being honeflly prepared according to the
Defcriptions of the Authors, and cautioufly admi-
aiftred.
Elixir Peftilentiak.
Elixir Proprietatis.
Sulphur album & fixum.
linSlura auri & Sulphur is fixi incremabilis.
Mixtura Bez^oardica.
ExtraEium Peftilentiak.
Aurum Diaphoreticwn.
Aurum Vit<z.
Bez,oardicum miner ale purpurafcens.
Eez,oardicum miner ale diaphoreticum.
lurpetum minerale diaphoreticum.
Aqua gratia Dei.
Spiritm Antipeftiferm.
(racipitatm auri diapfyreticw.
flefides
The Advice of the Phyficians. 5 1
BEfides thofe Forms of Remedies already men-
tioned by the College, I find the folio wing were
had in great Efteem.
'The Kings Majejiys excellent Receipt for the Plague.
*TpAke half an Ounce of Nutmegs, beat them all
•*■ together, put it over the Fire a little, and add
Three Pennyworth of Treacle, and a Quart of the
beft Angelica- Water : Take it always warm, both
Morning and Evening, a Spoonful or two, if you
be already infe&ed, and fweat thereupon; if not, a
Spoonful in the Morning, and half a Spoonful in the
Evening, all the Time the Plague continues.
A Pojfet-drink whereby Secretary Naunton removed the
Plague from his Heart.
AN Ale Poflct-drink with Pimpernel Teethed in it,
^~* till it tafte ftrong of it, drunk often, removes
the Infection, tho' it hath reached the very Heart.
A Drink jor the Plague prepared by the Lord Bacon,
and approved by Queen Elizabeth.
npAke a Pint of Malmfey burnt, with a Spoonful
A of bruifed Grains, /'. e. Cardamom Seeds, of
the beft Treacle a Spoonful, and give the Patient
to drink of it two or three Spoonfuls pretty often,
with a Draught of Malmfey Wine after it, and fo
let him fweat ,• if it agrees with him, and it flays
with him, he is out of Danger ; if he vomits it up,
repeat it again.
I 2 Dr.
'5 1 The Advice of the Thyfcians.
Dr\ Butler of Cambridge his Prefervative againft the
Plague.
'HpAke of Wood Sorrel and pick it from the Stalk,
**- and pound it very well in a Stone Mortar; then
take to every FcJ of beaten Sorrel, a Pound of Su-
gar finely beaten, and two Ounces of MithricUte;
beat them very well together, and put it into Pots
for your Ufe : Take every Morning before and after
the Infection, for fome Time together, of this Con-
ferve as much as a Wallnut.
A Soveraign Medicine for the Plague given by Queen Eli-
zabeth to the Lord Maior.
'HpAke Sage, Alder and Red Bramble Leave*, cf
•*■ each a little Handful, ft amp and ftrain them
together through a Cloth with a Quart of Whi re-
wine ; then take a quantity of Whitewine Vinegar,
mix thefe all together, and drink thereof Morning
and Night a Spoonful at a time nine Days together.
M££™
^$^
RE-
C53l
wm&v&p-
REFLECTIONS
O N T H E
Weekly Bills of Mortality,
So far as they relate to all the Plagues
that have happen'd in London from
the Year 1592, to the great Plague in
1 665, and fome other particular
Difeafes.
THere have been in Londoy, within about 130
Years, four great Mortalities.
The firft in 1592. when there died between March
and December, 2 5 886.
Whereor of the Plague, 11503.
The fecond in i<5o3- when there died from March
to December , 57294.
Whereof of the Plague, 30561.
The fourth in 1635. from April to December y 23357.
Whereof of the Plague, 10400.
In the firft and laft of thefe Years, viz,. 1592. and
163 6. the Proportion of thofe that died of the Plague,
to thofe that died of all other Difeafes orCafualties,
was about two to five.
to
54 G{efletftons on the
In the fecond, w&. 1603. it was four to five.
In the third, it was feven to ten.
And fo the greateft Plague Year was 1603.
And yet the greateft Year of Mortality was 1625.
When the Burials were 54265,? 0 j8.
The Chriftenings were 69%i, J ^r as }i.
This Bufinefs lying here, that there lieth an Er-
ror in the Accounts or Diftin&ions of Cafualties,
that is, more died of the Plague than were account-
ed for under that Name, as many as one to four,
there being a fourth Part more dead of other Ca-
fualties that Year, than the Years preceding or fub-
fequent. Whence we may colled a good Rule, vfe
That whereas it is doubted we have not a true Ac-
count of the Number that died in 1665. of the
Plague, the poor Searchers, out of Ignorance, Re-
fpeft, Love of Money, or Malice, returning, it's
fufpeded, more or lefs, as they were inclined ; wc
may difcern the Truth, by comparing the Number
that died of other Difeafes, and the Cafualties the
Weeks immediately before the Plague begun, and
the Number reported to have been dead every Week
of thofe Difeafes and Cafualties after, and obferving
that the Surplufage that died at one Time, above
what did tlaea oi: thofe Dlfeafcs, are indeed dead of
the Plague, tho' returned under the Notion of thofe
other Difeafes.
And here it will not be unfeafonable to obfervc,
That the keeping of Bills of Mortality began
A.D. 1592. being a Year of great Sicknefs, and
after fome D.fufe, was eftablifhrd by Order, A. D.
1603. the next Year of Sicknefs : The firft of the
continued weekly Bills of Mortality commencing
Oftober 29. 1^03. the firft Year of King James.
Thefe B'i s are made and compofed in this man-
ner, ™'z,. When any one dietb, either the Tolling
and
dills of Mortality. 5 5;
and Ringing of the Bell, or the befpeaking of a
Grave, intimateth it to the Searchers, ( who keep 2
ftrict Correfpondence with the Sexton) and there-
upon the ancient Matrons fworn to that Office, re-
pair to the Place where the dead Corps lieth, and
upon their own View, and others Examination,
make a Judgment by what Difeafe or Cafualty the
Corps died ; which Judgment they report to the
Parifti Clerk, as he doth every Tuefday Night the
Account of every Chriftening and Burial that Week
to the Clerk of the Hall ; whence on Wednesday the
general Account is made up and printed, and on
Tburfday publifhed to the refpective Families that
pay for them.
Now altho^ the Searchers are ignorant and care-
lefs, yet in fuch Difeafes and Cafualties as are ob-
vious ro Senfe, as Age, Confumptions, or inward
Decayings, fignified by the outward JLeannefs,
Coughs, Wind, Teeth, Convulfions, Thrufh, Scowr-
ing, Abortions, Head-ach, or fudden Deaths, or
by Apoplexy, &c. Drowning, Vomiting, &Y. Small-
Pox, Stone, Gout, they may be relied on, as they
may atfo in fuch Cafes as thofe wherein they have
the Opinion of the Phyficians : But take Inftance
in '
'AGt*
56 fyflettions on the
A General BILL of the Number of Burials which
have been buried of all Difeafes, andalfoof the Plague,
in every Parijb within the City of London, and the
Liberties thereof, as alfo in the Nine Out-Parifles ad-
joy ning to the J aid City, with the Peft-Houfe belonging
to the fame, from Thurfday, December i6> 1624,
to Thurfday the i$th of December, 1625, accord-
ing to the Report made to the Kings mofi excellent Ma-
jefty, by the Company of Parijh-Clerks of London.
London.
ST. Albans Woodftreet
Allhallows Barking
Alhallows Bread-ftreet
Alhallows the Great
Aihallows Honey-lane
Alhallows the Lefs
Alhallows Lumbard-ftreet
Alhallows Stainings
Alhallows the Wall
S. Alphage Cripplegate
S. Andrew Hubbard
S. Andrews Underfhaft
S. Andrews Wardrobe
S. Anns Alder fgate
S. Anns Black-Friars
S. Antholins Parifh
S. Auftins Parilli
S. Barthol. Exchange
S. Bennets Fynck
S. Bennets Grace-Church
S. Bennets Pauls Wharf
S. Bennets Sherehog
S. Botolphs Billingfgate
Chrift Church Parifh
S. Chriftophers
S. Clements Eaflcheap
S. DiOn$ Bask-church
Bur.
flag
188
78
397
2d3
34
14
442
302
18
8
259
205
85
44
183
138
301
155
240
190
i4*
101
219
149
373
191
196
128
33*
215
61
3i
72
40
5*
24
108
57
48
14
22(5
*3r
24
8
99
66
611
371
48
28
87
7a
I49
59
S«Du
nftans
'Bills of MwtcXiy??
17
S. Dunflans in the Eaft
S. Edmunds Lumbard-ftreet
S. Echelborough
S. Faiths
S. Fofters
S. Gabriel Fen-church
S. George Botolph-lane
S. Gregories by Pauls
S. Hellens Bifhopfgate
S. James Garlickhithe
S. John Baptift
S. John Evangelift
S. John Zacharies
S. James Dukes-place
S. Katherine Coleman
S. Katherine Creechureh
S. Lawrence Jewry
S. Lawrence Pountney
S. Leonards Eafkheap
S. Leonards Fofier-lane
S. Magnus
S. Margarets Lothbury
S. Margarets Mofes
S. Margarets New-fifh-ftreet
S. Margaret Pattons
S. Mary Abchurch
S. Mary Aldermanbury
S. Mary Aldermary
S . Mary le Bow
S Mary Bothaw
S. Mary Colechurch
S. Mary Hill
S. Mary Mounthaw
S. Mary Summerfet
S. Mary Stainings
S- Mary Woolchurch
Si Mary Woolnoth
K
Bur.:
Plag-
335
22S
78
4?
205
101
89
' 45
149
102
71
54
30
19
296
i96
136
I1
180
109
122
19
7
0
143
91
310
254
261
ilS
226
375
9i
55
206
127
55
16
2,1
209
*37
Sj
II4
d4
37
25
123
82
77
5°
;'9i
58
126
79
92
54
35
19
22
14
26
11
152
84
75
58
270
192
70
44
5*
35
82
5o
S.M
artins
58
fyfleStions on the
S. Martins Iremonger-lane
S. Martins Ludgate
S. Martins Orgars
S. Martins Outwich
S. Martins in the Vintrey
S. Matthew Friday-ftreet
S. Maudlins Milk-ftreet
S. Maudlins Old Fifh-ftreet
S. Michael Baflifhaw
S. Michael Cornhill
S. Michael Crooked-lane
S. Michael Queenhithe
S. Michael in the Querne
S. Michael Royal
S. Michael Wood-ftreet
S. Mildreds Bread-ftreet
S. Mildreds Poultrey
S. Nicholas Aeons
S. Nicholas Coleabby
S. Nicholas Olaves
S. Olaves Hart-fleet
S. Olaves Jewry
S. Olaves Silver-flreet
S. Pancras Soper-lane
S. Peters Cheap
S. Peters Cornhill
S. Peters Pauls Wharf
S. Peters Poor
S. Stevens Colemaivftreet
S. Stevens Walbrooke
S. Swithins London-done
8. Thomas Apoftles
Trinity Parifh
Buried within the 97 Pari/hes within the Walls
Of all Difeafes J434°
Of the Plague 9*91
S, Andrews
Bur.
Phg.
25
18
254
164
88
47
60
30
339
208
24
11
401
23
225
142
199
139
155
19
144
91
215
157
53
3°
in
6\
189
62
60
44
94
45
33
13
87
61
70
43
266
195
43
25
174
105
17
8
68
44
318
78
91
68
52
27
$06
35o
25
13
99
60
141
107
148
87
Bills of Mortality.
59
Bur.
Plag.
S. Andrews Holborn
219°
1636
S. Bartholomew the Great
5i6
3 do
S. Bartholomew the Lefs
in
65
S. Brides Parifli
1481
1031
S. Botolph Aidgate
2573
i653
Bridewell Precinct
213
152
S. Botolph Bifliopfgate
*334
714
S. Botolph Alderfgate
578
307
S.Dunftans Weft
8tfo
642.
S. George Southwark
1608
912
S. Giles Cripplegate
35>88
2338
S. Olaves Southwark
2746
1571
S. Sepulchres Parifli
425
2420
S. Thomas in Southwark
33*
277
Trinity Minories
131
87
At the Peft-houfe
194
189
Buried in the 1 6 Purifies without the IVulls, ftunding
fart within the Liberties, in Middlefe:
iy Surrej
Ty and
At the Peflhoufe
269-]%
Of the Plague
I7I53
Bur.
Plag.
S. Clements Danes
1284
755
S. Giles in the Fields
1333
947
S. James Clarkenwell
1 191
903
S. Katherines Tower
998
744
S. Leonards Shoreditch
*995
1407
S. Martins in the Fields
1470
913
S. Mary VVhite-chappel
3305
2252
S. Magdalens Bermondfey
1127
880
S. Mary Savoy
25Q
175
Buried in the 9 Out Purifies in Mid. and Surrey 1
2953
Whereof of the Plague
9067
The total within and without
5
4255
Of the Plague
3
5417
Purifies clear
1
Purifies injetted
121
K *
The
6o
^{cfleHions on the
The Plague \6 3, laded eight Years; in fome
whereof there died Four Thoufand, in others above
Two Thoufand, and in but one lefs than Six Hun-
dred ; as may appear by this following Note, viz,.
rj6oq
16°$
1606
160 7
1608
16C9
1610
16H
In the Year
296
444
2124
2352
2262
4240
1803
627
>there died of the Plague < 14752
1612
1613
2614
161$
1616
1617
i<5i8
1619J
*4
16
22
37
9
18
9
J71
Whereas
Sills of Mortality. 6 1
Whereas in the Year 1624 ne\t preceding, and in
the Year 1626 next following the great Plague Year
1625, there died in the former but Eleven, and in the
latter but One Hundred Thirty Font of the Plague :
Yea, in the faid Year 1625, the Plague decreafed from
its utmoil Number, Four Thoufanu Four Hundredi
Sixty One a Week, to beneath a Thoufand, in Six
Weeks. And thus it was.
fl*2Q."l
1621
1622
1623
1624
i(525
In the Year ii 526
1527
1628
1629
1620
163 1
1632.
there died of the Plague
11
16
17
o
3541?
134
4
3
o
1317
274
8
64 <%efle£iions on the
A Bill of Mortality for the Tear i$9h being
a Plague Tear.
London. Bur.
CT. Albans Wood-ilreet 6S
^ Alhallows Barking 203
Alhallows Bread-ftreec 45
Alhallows the Great 305
Alhallows Honey-Lane 2 1
Alhallows the Lefs 108
Alhallows Lombard-ftreet 96
Alhallows Staining 183
Alhallows the Wall 202
S. Alphage 176
S. Andrew Hubbard 07
S. Andrew Underfhaft 197
S. Andrew Wardrobe 147
S. Anns Alderfgate 206
S. Anns Black-Friars 200
S. Antholins Parifh 207
S. Auftins Parifh 145
S. Barthol. Exchange 194
S. Bennet Finck 63
S. Bennet Grace-church 140
S. Bennets Pauls Wharf 5 1
S. Bennet Sherehog 5 8
S. Eotolph Billinfgate 306
Chrift Church 36
S. Chriftopher 185
S. Clements Eaflcheap 506
S. Dionis Back-church 44
S. Dunftans Eaft 107
S. Edmunds Lombard-fteee t 105
S. Ethelborough 4°<*
S. Faiths 84
•S. Fofters 107
S. Gabriel Fen-church 300
S. George
Silk of Mortality. 6$
S. George Botolph-lane
S. Gregorys by Pauls
S. Hellens
S. James Dukes- place
S. James Garlickhithe
S. John Baptift
S. John Evangelift
S. John Zachary
S. {Catherine Coleman
S, Kacherine Creechurch
S. Lawrence Jewry
S. Lawrence Pountney
S. Leonards Eaftchsap
S. Leonards Fofter-lane
S. M
S- Margargaret Lothbury
S. fafrgai c Mofes
S. Margaret New Fifli ftreet
S. Margaret Patrons
S. Mary Abchurch
S. Mary Alder m anbury
S. Mary Aldermary
S. Mary-k-T2ow
S. Mary Bothaw
S. Mary Cole-church
S. Mary Hill
S. A^ary Mounthaw
S. Mary Sommerfet
S. Mary Stainings
S Mary Woolchurch
S- Mary V/oolnoth
S. Martins Iremonger-lane
S. Martins Ludgate
S. Martins Orgars
S. Martins Outwich
S. Martins in the Vintrey
S Matthew Friday-ftreec
S. Maudlins Milk-ftresc
Bur.
Plag.
6y
n
5*
**
25
4
314
215
207
41
2 op
477
304
154
3
1
444
222
106
4*
307
85
4i
12
114
5*
106
4*
184
87
208
4*
107
4^
84
5*
38
22
92
61
19
54
* 104
*7
i?4
91
104
47
3«
18
39
*5
20
*5
110
72
62
39
207
148
42
28
43
3i
6i
34
*5
18
205
104
62
4*
40
20
229
lid
S.Mnid'i:s
*>4 Q{efle£tions on the
Bur.
S. Maudlins Old tifh-ftreet
19
Sj ah c ha el Bjffifhaw
141
S. M.chajl Cornhill
204
S. Michael Crooked-lane
129
S. Mxhael Quecnhithe
115
S. Michael in the Q_ierne
116
S. Michaei Royal
151
S. Michael Wood ftreet
41
S. Miildred Bread-flreet
96
S. Mildred Poultry
109
S. Nicholas Aeons
47
S. Nicholas Cole-abby
q6
S. Nicholas Olaves
27
S. Olaves Hart-ftreet
64
S. Olaves Jewry
53
S. Olaves Silver-ftreet
197
S. Pan eras Soper-lane
1*
S. Peters Cheap
1 op
S. Peters Cornhill
112
S. Peters Pauls-Wharf
57
S. Peters Poor
221
S. Stevens. Coleman-ftreet
90
S. Stevens Walbrooke
49
S. Swithins Lordon-ftone
4o5
S. Thomas Apoftles
21
Trinity Parifh,
72
Buried in the 1 6 Out-Parijhes,
and at the Peflh
S. Andrews Holborn
1561
S. Bartholmcw the Great
254
S. Bartholmew the Lefs
99
S. Brides Parifh
897
Bndewel Precinct
1461
S. Botolph Alderfgate
J44
S. Botolph Algate
1771
S. Botolph Bilhopfgats
287
s.
Bills of Mortality:
65
Bur.
Plag.
S. Dunftans Weft
5*5
M
S. George South wark
I l 12
61$
S. Giles C gate
296$
192,9
S. Olaves Southwark
1998
1064
S. Saviours Soutir.vark
19+6
1242
S. Sepulchres Parifli
344°
2502
S. Thomas in Southwaik
304
194
Trinity Minories
109
78
A: the Peflhoufe
208
195
Buried in the 9 Out Parifiei
S. Giles in the Fields
894
569
Hackney Parifli
999
669
S. James C erkenwel
740
419
S. Katherines Tower
69$
489
Lambeth Parifh
15*9
1308
S. Leonards Shorditch
1202
775
S. Magdalens Bermond
2606
2095
S. Mary Newington
964.
702
S. Mary Iflington
206
150
\A General Bill for the Tear 1603. being another
Plague Tear.
k London.
:C Albans Wood-ftreet
P' Alhallows Barking
S. Alhallows Bread-flreet
E, Alhallows Great
). Alhallows Hony-lane
). Alhallows Lefs
y Alhallows Lumbard ftrect
?. Alhallows Staining
t Alhallows the Wall
>. Alphaee
L
Bur.
Plag.
92
39
182
i^i
17
8
221
i3*
9
4
J34
102
45
21
59
5i
150
59
120
61
S. An-
66 ^fleElions on the
Bur.
S. Andrew Hubbard 6\
S. Andrew Underfhaft no
S. Andrew Wardrobe 142
S. Anne Alderfgate 6-j
5. Anne Black-Friers 146
S. Antholins Parifii 37
S. Auftins Parifh 39
S. Barthol. Exchange 31
S. Bennec Fynch 54
& Bennet Grace-church 27
S. Bennet Pauls-Wharf 118
S. Bennet Sherehog 12
S. Botolph Billinfgate 43
Chrifts Church 302
S. Chriftophers 24
S. Clements Eaftcheap 43
S. Dionis Back church 45
S. Dunftans Eaft 149
S. Edmunds Lumbard-flreet 52
S. Erheiborough 103
S. Faiths 45
S. Fofters . 61
S. Gabriel Fen-church 39
S. George Botolph lane 15
S> Gregories by Pauls 1 19
S. Hellens 63
S. James Garlickhithe 64
S. John Baptift 59
S. John Evangelift 3
S, John Zachary 6i
S. Katherine Coleman 134
S. James Dukes-place 10 1
S. Katherine Creechurch 443
S. Lawrence Jewry 42
S. Lawrence Pountney 103
S. Leonards Eaftcheap 32
S. Leonards Fofter-lane 141
S,
I
Sills of Mortality. 67
S. Magnus
S. Margaret Lothbury
S. Margaret Mo fes
S. Margaret New Fifh ftreet
S. Margaret PattoTis
S> Mary Abchurch
S. Mary Aldermanbury
S. Mary Aldermary
S. Mary le Bow
S. Mary Bothaw
S. Mary Colechurcb
S. Mary Hill
S. Mary Mounthaw
S. Mary Somerfet
S. Mary Stainings
& Mary Woolchurch
S. Mary Woolnoth
S. Martins Ironmonger-lane
S. Martins Ludgate
S. Martins Orgars
S. Martins Outwich
S. Martins Vintrey
S. Matthew Friday-ftreet
S. Maudlins Milk-ftreet
S. Maudlins Old Fifh-ftreet
A Michael Baffifbaw
S. Michael Cornhill
S. Michael Crooked-lane
S. Michael Queenhithe
S. Michael Qiierne
S. Michael Royal
S. Michael Wood-ftreet
S. Mildred Bread-ftreet
S. Mildred Poultrey
S. Nicholas Aeons
S. Nicholas Cole-abby
S. Nicholas Olaves
L2
Bur.
Plag-
62
51
5*
32
16
14
6\
42
61
25
47
21
9*
40
43
3*
15
12
12
7
*3
4
62
41
37
28
1 op
9*
42
22
24
16
4i
25
13
9
121
*4
44
2*
30
15
M3
i°*
12
6
200
1?
112
67
94
93
59
42
*4
49
105
81
31
1S
53
3o
6S\
34
3°
24
47 1
23
1091
60$
207 {
160
5i '
32.
5.0
laves
68 G^fltflions on the
S. Olaves Hart-fleet
S. Olaves Jewry
S. Olaves Silver-ftreet
S. Pancras Sopcr-lane
S. Peters Cheap
S, Peters Cornhill
Sy. Peters Pauls Wharf
S. Pecers Poor
S. Stevens Coleman *fcreet
S^ Stevens Walbrooke
S. Swithins London- ftone
S. Thomas Apoflles
Tn^y Parifh
Bur.
Mag.
780
381
$231
Spr
i 1 1
61
1219
809
420
i?7
420
3 IO
516
410
19B8
1504
1897
1609
1646
910
1793
I2ltf
121
III
62
4*
A General Bill for the Tear 1636, being the I aft Tear
vftke four great Plagues which happened before that
in 1665.
London. Bur. Plag>
C.T. Albans Wood ftreet 102 44
"^ Alhallows Barking 204 \ 14^
Alhallows Bread-flreet 21 n
Alhallows the Great 219 ! 24
Alhallows Honey-Lane 13 6
Alhallows the Lefs 1 44 96
Alhallows Lombard-ftreet 38 2 6
Alhallows Staining 65 41
Alhallows the Wall 206 87
S. Alphage 174 9&
S. Andrew Hubbard $j 54
S. Andrew Underfhaft 192 1^9
S. Andrew Wardrobe 41 ; 18
S. Anns Aldcrfgate 47 I 26
S Anns Black-Friars 36 I 14
S. Antholins Parifh 56 j 30
S. Auflins Parifh 31 15
S. Barthol. Exchange 109 I 81
S. Bennet
Sills of Mortality.
S. Bennet Fynch
S. Bennet Grace-church
S. Bennet Pauls Wharf
S. Bennet Sherehog
S. Botolph Billinfgate
Chrilt Church
S. Chriltopher
S. Clements Eaftcheap
S. Dionis Back church
S. Dunftans Eafl
S. Edmunds Lombard-ftreet
S. Ethelborough
S. Faiths
S. Fofters
S. Gabriel Fen-church
S. George Botolph-lane
S. Gregorys by Pauls
SL Hellens
S. James Dukes-place
S James Garlickhithe
S. John Baptift
S Jghn Evangelift
S. John Zachary
S. Katherine Coleman
S. Katherine Creechurch
S. Lawrence Jewry
S. Lawrence Pountney
S. Leonards EafHicap
S. Leonards Fofter-lane
S. Magnus Parifh
S. Margaret Lothbury
S. Margaret Mofes
S. Margaret New Fifli ftreet
S. Margaret Pattons
S. Mary Abchurch
S. Mary Aldermanbury
S. Mary Aldermary
S. Mary-le-Bow
69
Bur.
Plag.
15
6
48
28
309
H4
20
7
40
*5
41
34
154
118
57
26
1x3
54
44
29
61
54
43
29
17
8
123
60
69
40
11
54
69
43
1
3
19
42
144
97
iop
86
417
194
4*
4*
96
7*
35
16
154
99
80
59
5i
32
18
13
70
49
74
34
55
38
91
45
49
36
*9
14
16
6
20
8
75
48
S
. Mary
yo Q{efle£lions on the
Eur.
8. Mary Bothaw 42
S. Mary Cole-church 120
S. Mary Hiii 5 1
8. Mary Mounthaw 35
S. Mary Sommerfec 45
S. Mary Stainings 9
S. Mary Woolchurch 127
S. Mary VVoolnoth 54
S. Martins Iremonger-lane 30
S. Martins Ludgate 149
S. Martins Orgars 1 1
S. Martins Outwich 22
S. Martins Vintrey 98
8. Matthew Friday-ftreet 103
8. Maudlins Milk-ftreet 62
S. Maudlins Old Fifh-ftreet 77
S. Michael Comhill . 109
S. Michael Baffifhaw 37
S. Michael Crooked-lane 57
S. Michael Queenhithe #9
S. Michael Qiierne 3 l
8. Michael Royal 53
S. Michael Wood-ftreet 1203
S. Mildred Bread-ftreec 213
8. Mildred Poultry 74
S. Nicholas Aeons 97°
S. Nicholas Coie-abby i4^4
S. Nicholas Olaves 147
S. Olaves Hart-ftreet 1 5°5
S. Olaves Jewry ^37
S. Olaves Silver-ftreet 3°°
8. Pancras Soper-lane 5 54
S. Peters Cheap 229.8
S. Peters Cornhill 2111
S. Peters Pauls-Wharf \99&
S. Peters Poor 2014
S. Stevens Coleman-ftreet J^3
S. Stevens
<Bills of Mortaliy.
7i
Bur.
Plug.
S. Stevens Walbrooke
19
'49
S. Swithins London-ftone
86
*7
S. Thomas Apoftles
831
691
.?. <$, ft ft ft & & ft ft 55 # ^^<£ •$ & ft & & & & & &
Tib* Difeafes and Casualties they were mofi [ub-
jeH to in the laji Age^ and the Difeafes we
ought chiefly to provide againfl in thefe
Times.
A
Gues and Fevers increafe by our Surfeits and
Excefs, by thefe Proportions.
4418
■6233
•7549
•7979
6852
8623
9819
1147
I629
"1632
I632
161,6
1636
1640
1640
1644
■ 1644
> to <
1648
1648
1652
1652
1656
.1*5*-
^1660
Abortives, by reafon of the ftraitning of Bodies,
mixtures of Copulation, and unwholefome Diet, im-
prove in thefe Proportions.
FromJ1*2^ to J1?'! 37f
The Scurvy hath increafed in thefe Proportions^
but — 346
1 149
From 1629 to 1640
And yet
From 1640 to 1660
The
^(efieflions on the
7*
The Confumption, with the addition of the French
Fox; and the Ptifick, which goeth under its Name,
increafeththus :
fi629
1632
1630
From' l6*° >
1644!
1^48 j
to
l632 I
1636 J
164O J
1644 J
1^48 I
$9S6
S666
' 9*1$
10844
1^52 j ■ 99*8
1656 , 12115
Li55o
13421
The Stone and Strangury, fince we drink Ale fo
plentifully, feems to decreafe thus :
l6l9 .3J5
l63o 39
1631 —58
1632 — — - 56
1*33 58
1634 49
1635 —33
16i6 45
I(547 45
1648 42
1649— 29
1550 28
1651 50
1652 41
155 3 44
1654 ■ 38
1655 49
1656 57
1657 < 72
1658 69
165P 22
1660 30
166 1-?
1662
1662—
I 664
l66$
The Gout {lands much at a flay, that is, anfwereth
the general proportion of Burials : There dies one of
1000 of the Gout, though more die Gouty ; the rea-
fon is, becaufe thofe that have the Gout, are faid
to be long Livers, and when they die, are returned as
Aged.
The
Ws of Mortality.
73
The Rickets increafed, from the Year 1634, when
it firft appeared, thus :.
1629"/ I 1636
From^^W1*47
**47( )i*S7
1657 J Ci66$
.1719
■2964
1474
984
And the Liver-grown, which is next of kin to it,
thereupon decreafed.
The Rifing of the Stomach, fince it was firft
mentioned i6$6, is improved thus :
From^i64o
(i656
H
646
6$6
66%
■1 149
1485
.198(5
Convulfions were but 52 in the Year 16291
and yet in 1636 they were 700 and odd, and
incrcafed fince according to this proportion :
From
6401
9191
12981
M
Apo-
7*
fyfleBions on the
Apoplexies and Hidden Obftru&ions increafe thus
1629 22
1630 36
1651 — — o
1632 17
i^?; 24
,6j4 3f.
16; 5:—— 26
1636 o
1647 68
1648 — — 74
1649 64
i6jo
i6f 1
l6f2— —
i6H~
16^
i6j6
l6j7
i6j8
165-9
1660 — —
74
106
in
118
• 6
92
102
"I
138
" 9i
• 67
Bloody-Flux, Scowringand Flux, thus :
!629 449
1630 — .438
1631- — 3f2
J632 -348
1633 — . 278
l634 SI2
j6^ 346
1636 330
l637 ' if?
1638- ■ 176
1639- 802
1 640 ■ — 7 o 4
164I yl4
I642 9II
1643 8iy
1644 789
j64y -y48
1646
1647.
1648-
-1 1147
«« 2o£
— 304
1649 444
1650. 833
i6p 762
16^2 _ 6n
16 j 3 200
^4 ^ 386
16^ -— 168
i6j6 368
16^7 — 362
165:8 233
1659— 246
1660 ■ - 25-1
1661 1 f7i
Can-
Bilk of Mortality.
Cancer, Gangrene, Fiftula, Wolf.
£
*&9\
1632/
From <i^4o>to
/i6^\
Lid58J
• 85
■562
344
Cholicks and Winds are decreafed thus
n
From
298
' 85
147
Dropfy by exceflive Drinking, is increafcd thus
1629
yl6j6
1547
1(557
1657
1 665
-3214
- 5964
-4272
~ 39S6
King's Evil and Impoftumes, thus :
Cl^2p
From^1^*
2^
557
Lethargy, thus
-244
•327
•2P4
-124
From
1 56
' 87
104
46
M
Worms
76
(fyfleftions on the
Worms and Teeth, thus
1629
2958
-2984
— 5895
5349
1557
Purples and Spotted Fevers, thus
From
Here Note, That we begin our Casualties at the Tear 1629,
that being thefirfl Tear wherein they "were diftinflly ta-
ken notice of.
It's obfervable alfo, that many times other Pefti-
lential Difeafes, as Vur pie- Fevers, Small-Pox, the
Dyfentery, called by fome, The Plague in the Guts, fore-
run Plague- Years, that is, fuch Years as there die
200 of the Plague in a Year, two or three for the
Bill that was about 8000 of all Difeafes and Cafual-
ties, in the Year 1622, improved to 11 000 in the
Year 1623, anc* to 12000 in the Year itf'24 ; the
next Year, viz,, the Year 1625, being 54000, of
all Difeafes and Cafualties ; and it's obferved, that
there died above 2000 of the Small-Pox, from the
latter End of 1634, to the Beginning of 1 61 6,
when there died 10400 of the Plague.
Several
Wis of Mortality. 77
Several Q.u E.s tions refolved, in 1 665 >
in reference to this Subject.
Tie Time wherein the City may be Re-peopled, after
a great Plague.
np H E Fears of People, that Houfes and other
-*■ Things in London will be worth little or no-
thing after a great Mortality, rendereth it conveni-
ent to obferve in what Time the City is Jle-peopled
after the greateft Mortality ; and that isi, after two
Years, as it is generally afferted, and effectually
made good, by thefe Inflances : For the Chriften-
ings in the City are, (if the -Inhabitants lie not Ana-
baptifls) the raoft certain Standards of the Increafe
and Decreafe of the Inhabitants thereof.
The Chriftenings that were 8299,^1 the Year 1^24,
that is, the Year next preceeding the great Plague
Year 1625, that fwept away 54600, brought the
Chriftenings (by People's dying, flying, or mifcar-
riage) to 5247. But the next Year after, viz,. i6i6y
they were 6701, and within two Years after, viz,.
162S, they were 8408, fuch is the Confluence of
all Sorts of People to this great City.
In the Year 1^02, that is, the next Year before
the Plague Year itfo$, the Chriftenings were about
6000 : But in the Year 1503, that is, the Plague
Yeat it felf, they funk to 4789 : And yet the next
Year, viz. 1604. they crept up to 5458 ; and the
next Year after that, (viz.. 160$.) to 6504, and fo
Yearly, according to the fubfequent Computation.
In
7«
fyflettions on the
"1604"
r T4T8
1 60 j
6504
1606
6614
1607
•
6;8z
1608
684f
1609
6388
1610
6785:
ili 1
7^14
1612
6986
.
1612
6846
16x4
7208
i6iy
7<*8z
1616
798*
•
1617
7747
1618
77?y
1619
8127
\i6zo
IntheYeatx x6zii
1 7847
there were Chriftened<:' 80 \9
1622
7894
1623
794S
1624
8299
1625*
6983
I626
6701
1627
8408
1628
8y64
1629
9901
l620
1 93»f
1651
1 8y84
1632
9f84
1622
9997
1634
,
9*fS
-
*6?5
10024
1626 l
9$"22
1627
9u6
»
1638J
L
ioju
In
In the Year
IBills of Mortality.
1640
1641
1642
i64?
1644
164;
1646
1647
1648
1649
165-0
165-1
l6S2i
1674
1655
i6y6
1657
1678
\6s9
1660
1661
79
1662
166;
1664
there were Chriftened
ij-
[
JOIJO
io8jo
10670
10370
9410
8104
7966
716;
7?g*
6^44
y82y
56J2
607 r
6128
6*Sf
6620
7004
70*0
668y
6170
y69o
6971
88yy
Whence it may be obferved,
I. That in thirty Years fpace, that is, from 1603I
to 16*33, the City Chriftnings increafed half in half ;
that is to fay, from 5-4.58 a Year, in the Year 16*04,
to 9997 a Year, in 1532.
II. That,
1. By reafon of the Sicknefs in 16*36.
2. By reafon of the War in 16*43, 16*43, 16*45,'
16*46*, dec. during the Ufurpation.
And
&b Qfyfleftim on the
And. 3, By reafon of the hundreds that were not
Chriftened at all, or if they were, were not regi-
flred, the fame decreafed from about Nine thoufand,
to about Six thoufand, per annum.
Whether London be fo obnoxious to the Plague, as it
hath been informer times , as it was calculated in 1665 .
London being indeed multiplied two Parts in
thre^e, in eighty Years, (and the more populous any
Place is, the more infectious) it might feem to fol-
low, that the City were more fubjeel: to Peftilential
Malignities now than in times paft.
Yet Experience aflures us of the contrary ; and
Reafon feconds Experience. For,
1. Altho* the Fumes, Steams, and Stenches, now
groflfer than formerly, by reafon of the Increafe of
Houfes, makes it in fome refpe&s more unhealthy,
efpecia-lly fince the burning of Sea-Coal, yet they
keep the Air from being fo liable to foreign Im-
preflkms as formerly ; it being an ingenious Man's
Obfervation, that open and free Airs are moft fub-
jeel: to both good and bad Impreflions ; the Fumes
and Steams (efpecially of Sea Coal) fo thickning
the Air, that it ftands out a gain ft moft foreign In-
fluences.
2. Though the City be increafed from 3508 Bu-
rials (as in the Year 1593) to 15625, (as in the Years
1634 and 1635) and from 5948 (as in the year
1605) to 14720 (as in the Year 16^9) and the City
is increafed by turning Noblemens Houfes there to
Tenements, yet the Increafe is removed into more
open and free Air, and the Trade removed from the
dirty and narrow Places in Cannon-Jlreet, and Watling-
ftreety to PauTs, Ludgate, and Fleet-ftreet ; from
Bifliopfgate and Fenchuuh, to the Strand Men ; avoid-
ing thofe Places that are crammed with old and
dark houfes, and building more new and lightfome
ones
(Bills of Mortality. 81
ones nearer and nearer to Whitehall, in a more con-
venient and healthy Air
What fickly Tears we have had thefc Jixty Tears, and in
what piopo) tion of Time we are to look for fickly Tears*
Calculated tn 1665.
We mean by a fickly Year, fuch wherein the Bu-
rials exceed thofe both of the precedent and fubfe-
quent Years, and not above two hundred dying of
the Plague : for Years exceeding that Number of the
Plague, we call Plague Years. ■
The Difeafes that befides the Plague make fickly
Years, are the Small-Pox, the Mealies, Shotted Fe-
ver, and the Dyfentery, commonly called Tne Plague
in the Guts.
And that the World may fee by what Spaces and
Intervals we may hereafter expect fuch Times of
Mortality again ; we may obferve, that the Years
1618, 1620, 1623, 1624, 1631, 1633, 1634, 1649,
1652, 1654, l656> 1658, 1661, were fickly Years.
The Plague 1636 laded tweive Years, in eight:
whereof, there died two thoufand and odd a Year,
One with another, and never under three hundred
fixty four : an argument that the Contagion of the
Pefti ence dependeth more on the Difpoiition or the
Air* then upon the Effluvia of Men's Bodies. A
truth made manifefl by the fudden increafe from one
hundred and eighteen in one Week, to nine hundred
and twenty feven in the next; and decreafe from
nine hundred ana ninety three in one Week, to two
hundred and fifty eight the next ; and then again to
eight hundred and fifty two. 1 he next Alterations
are certainly to be attributed rath-T to the Change o£
Air, then the Constitution of Men's Bodies, other-
wife then as this depends upon that. Take all the
Years from 1632 to 166*, in one view, as they are
enumerated in the fubfequent Page.
N In
%2
^{eftethons on the
i6;4|
162.5
1626
1627
1638
1629 t
1640
1641 I;
1642
1643
I 1644
7 1645- r
1646!
1647 1
1648 1
In the Year < 1 649 < there died of the Plague
\1650
16 $ 1
1165-2
i6j4
^ *
l6SS
165-6
165-7
1658
16^9
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
a66i
o
I
o
104C6
3082
263
314
14^0
1274
996*
1492
1871
236^
3597
6n
67
n
16
6
is
9
6
4
*4
36
13
20
A
C 83 ]
A N
ACCOUNT
O F T H E
VLAGUEatNAPLES
in the Year 1656.
Of which there died in one Day 20000
Perfons. With the Symptoms that
appeared upon Difle&ion : And the
approved Method of Cure.
N the Opening and
Differing at that
time of two dead Bo-
dies, one of a Man,
the other of a Wo-
man, on the Firft of June in the
Year 1 65 6 j by Order from his Ex-
cellence and the moft illuftrious
Magiftrates deputed by this moft
faithful City, about the Sicknefs
then rife, it was obferved by the
moft expert Anatomirts Marco Au-
relio Severing, and Fdice Martorel/a,
(with the Affiftance of the chief
Phyfician and other Doctors) that
And as to the Buboes Venereal and
fuppofed to be thus diftinguifhed, that
fliours lie lower in the Groin.
N *
Asforthe diftin-
clion of the Spotted
Fever and Purple*,
and that which is
called the Tokens,
thus much is obfer-
ved, That upon the
Incifion of the Spots
ofthe firft two, there
will arife a little
Blood or Greeting;
but if the Tokens
be cut, there will
nothing of either a-
rife,thewholeBlood
or Juice being fup-
pofed to have fome
Touch of a Gan-
grene oTSphaccla'ton.
Peftilential, the) ire
the Peftilential Tu-
ail
84 An Account of the
^11 the Bowels were infe&ed with black Spots, that
is to fay, the Heart, Lungs, Liver, Stomach, and
the InteiHnes • befides, that the Bladder or" Gall was
plainly found to be full of black, vifcid, and very
thick Choler, which pertinacidufly fluck to its Mem-
brane; but above all. the Vtllels of the Heart were
full of a grumous and black Blood. And this was
the Summary of the Obfervation.
This being related by the fame Signor Felice, in an
Aflembly of the above mentioned moft llluilrious
Magistrates, it was by them decreed, that, together
with the S.gnori Domenico Coccia, Onofrio kicc,u> Ca-
rolo Pignut aro, Francefco Cafuro,- Giovanni GiaumoC ar-
bonello, Carolo Jcveue, Andrea di Mauro and bulvator
Borrello, aflembled in one Place, they fhoiLd deter-
mine and order what ought to be done, as well for
the Prefervation as for the Cure of this Sxknefs :
Wherefore thefe being met in the Hcfe of the faid
Signor Felice, they ordered for Preventives, (as to
Remedies moil: eafy, and at hand) that it was great-
ly helpful, Firft, to make in the Houfes Fires with
Fumes of Rofemary, Bay-berries, Juniper, Frankin-
cenfe, and the like. Secondly, Treacle-water, Trea-
cle, Mithridate, Pills of Ruffus> againft the Plague.
The Compofition of dry Figs, Rue, Walnuts, and
Salt, which was King Mithridates Prefervative, and
found in his Desk or Cabinet written with his own
Hand. The Magiflral Bezoar Vinegar, made with
Brimftone, Rue, Garlick, Cloves, Saffron, and Wal-
nuts: The ufe of which is to dip in a Piece or Slice
of Bread, and take it faffing. Good too are the Pow-
ders of Bole-Armonick, TerraS/gillata, Terra di Malta ,
Citron-Seeds pounded, Seeds of Bafil, Powder of
Scordium, or Water-Germander of Contrayerva, (or
inftead of it, Virginia Snake-weed) Bezoar Stone,Eaft
and We£: All which, or any, may be taken in the
f'iilp. cf Citron, fharp Oranges, or with Juice of Li-
5, In the mouth they may hold crude Sulphur,
Zedoary^
Plague at Naples. 8 j
Zedoary, Ariftologia or Birthwort, Gentian, Car-
line, white Dittany, Mafterwoit, Angelica, Vervain,
Vincetoxicum or Swallow-wort, Goats Rue, Juniper
Berries, Bay-Berries, Ivy-Banes, any one or thefe.
To fmell to (befides the ufual Balls) they commend-
ed a Sponge well wet in Vinegar and Treacle, or
elfe to make little hollow Boxes of Cyprus wood* Ju-
niper, or of the Bay-tree, and therein to put Treacle,
Vinegar and Rue. Good alfo herein are the Oils of
yellow Amber, and of Camphire. Let them anoint
their Heart, Temples, Noftrils, and the Wrifts with
the Oil of Matthiolus or Treacle water, or make a
Liniment of Treacle, Juice of Limons, Saffron, Dit-
tany, Carline, boiled together, wherewith anoint.
There may be made alfo a Compound Vinegar to
put into a Bafon, wherewith to bathe or wet the
Hands, Wrifts, and Noftrils, by taking a quantity of
Schananthm, Roots of Carline, Nutmeg, Coves, Ben-
join, Calamm Aromaticm, and boil a-1 with a quanti-
ty of the beft Vinegar.
Of the fame Vertues to preferve, are other Ma-
giftral Remedies endowed ; fuch are the Antipefli-
lential Elixir of Crollim, the great Ele&uary of Mat-
thiolm, and his Oil of Scorpions, the Bezoartick Vi-
negar of Emeftus, the Diafcordium otFracaftorius, and
above all is commended the Powder of Padre Gio.
Baptifta Eremitano, which was experimented in the
Plague at Naples the Age paft, and now obferved
with moil happy Succefs by many Phyficians. The
Composition of it is thus :
*T*Ake Tormentil, red Sanders, white Dittany,
•*• burnt Harts-horn, Bole-Armoniack, fine Sugar,
of each one Dram, Powder of Pearl, round Birth-
wort, Cinamon, Gentian, red and white Coral, of
each half a Dram, Camphire two Scruples; make all
into a moft fine Powder. The Dole is half a Dram
at a time.
And
86 An Account of the
And you may take this in the Water of Scorzone-
ra, Cardilli, or Juice of Limons. Alfo for a Prefcr-
vative they may take one Drop of the Great Duke's
Oil, withfome Water of Goats-Rue; and this too
may do well in the Cure, increasing only the quan-
tity of the Oil.
Laft-of all, leaving a world of Remedies which
here might be fet down, the mofl potent Preferva-
tive is the Elixir following •,
'TpAke Aloes Hepatick, bed Cinamon, and Myrrh,
-*■ of each three Drams ; Cloves, Mace, Lignum
Aloes, Maftick, and Bole-Armoniack, of each halt a
Dram; pure Sulphur four Drams, Rofemary feven
Drams ; macerate them all in Aqua vita, and ac-
cordingly draw off the Liquor. The Dofe is three or
four Drops at a time in Cardilli or Scorzonera Water,
And thus much for the Prefervation.
Now for the Cure ; 'tis neceffary firft to cleanfe the
Body, either upward by Vomits, or downward by
Stools ; and this ought to be done fuddenly with all
fpeed, before that the Strength fails. .The Vomit may
be provoked with Antimony, or with its Infufion, or
by Vinegar of Squills diftiiled with Scordium, Tor-
mentil, Scabious, Citron-Seeds, Roots of Afrabacca
and of Gentian ; or elfe rather with Diafamm'Fernelii.
Downwards they may purge with Syrup of Rofes fo-
lutive, Conjeftio Hamech, Trifera Perficay or Rhubarb
with Decoction of Tormentil, Scordium, Tamarinds,
Contrayerva : and if this cannot be done or made rea-
dy timely enough, gii^e four Ounces of Conferve of
Damask Rofes, with Powder of Rhubarb, or with
the Electuary of Juice of Rofes, with a little of Con-
trayerva, or the like.
As for letting Blood, it ought to be determined
from a great Fever, from the Strength of the lick
Party, Ebullition of the Blood, and Inclination of
Nature -y limiting the place of bleeding conformable
to
(plague and Naples. 87
to the Motion which (hall be obferved either in the
upper, or lower, or cutaneous Parts ;ftill remembring
the Advice of Onbafius, to fcarify the Calves of the
Legs in cafe of great Fevers or Fermentations.
After purging let them ufe all poflible means to
provoke Sweat by Diaphoreticks, for the which the
Berries of Tree-Ivy (powdered and taken in the belt
Wine, Carduus Water, or other) are much praifed :
fo Flower of Brimftone the Weight of two Scruples;
Treacle alfo, or the above-mentioned great Antidote
of Matthiolus, taking the Weight of three or four
Drams, with adding thereto a Dram and half of the
forenamed Magiftral Powder of Padre Gio. Baptifta
Eremitano, in two Ounces of Aqua vita. Good too is
the Salt of Afh, the mod cried up remedy of Frederick
vanderMye, in the Contagion of Breda, (which was moil
like ours) to take thereof the Weight of twelve Grape-
Kernels in Carduus-Water. 'Tis moreover an eafie
Sweat, pure Sulphur with Salt, boiled in Wine in bal-
nea Mart*) orelfethat of Crollius.
Let them infift continually in the ufe of the above-
named Antidotes, increafing the Dofe ,• not neglecting
alfo to try the ufe of China China, the which for many
reafons may happen not to be a little helpful; and the
more, that it is in many places the appropriate Re-
medy forthefe Diftempers.
Laftly, as to what pertains to the Symptoms, that
is Buboes or Botches, Puftules and Spots, you muft
note, that if they come out kindly and with lepameny
eafe and relief, in fuchcafe leave the work to Nature,
helping their coming forth with Medicines emollient,
relaxing and attra&ive or drawing; fuch as are Fricti-
ons, dry Cuppings, or Scarifyings, Veficatoirs or
Blifterings ; the which, if the fwellings are below,
then apply them a few fineers beneath ; if they be
above, thenappy them in like manner fo far above on
the Arms ; noting, that the faid remedy of Veficatoris
may be changed in boiling Oil with Lime, applying
2 them
88 An Account of the Vlague, Sec.
them to the fame Parts; marking alfo, that if the
faid Evil or Plague comes with a Coma, that is, a
Sleeping, or other Symptom in the Animal Part,
then the Blifters (hall be placed both on the upper
and lower P^rrs.
Concerning the Buboes or Swellings in the Groin,
if they bunch out kindly, you may cure them with
gentle Means, fuch as Oil of fweet Almonds, Oil
of Lillies, Butter, H^ns-Greafe, or elfe with thefim-
ple Oil of Scorpions, or. Ointment of Marfh-mallows,
with the Roots of Lillies beaten in a Mortar.
But if the Buboes come not out well, then look out
more efficac ous Remedies, applying on the part
Cupping-glailes, with Scarification, Leeches, Blifters,
as before -y this done, apply thereon a Pultefs of O-
nions, Treacle, and Saffron, roafted in Embers, after
putting to fome Hens-Greafe, or the like. If they
be to be cut, open them half ripe with a cold Iron,
pafling thorow a Stuppe or Lint ; and cure them with
a compound Ointment of Gum Elemi, Ammonia-
cum and Turpentine, of each a like quantity, with
a little Saffron, Wax, and Oil of Rofes as much as
will fuffice.
The Carbuncles, vulgarly by the Neapolitans cal-
led Ampolle, that is, Blains, are cured by cutting the
Part affected, fcarifying it, and clapping thereto the
.fajme attractive or drawing Plaifler, or Treacle with
Onion, or eife thePuitefs of Scabious5 Hens-Greafe,
and Tjgacle, hindering exprefly by all Means the li-
ft-ion MBurning in the beginning, as well of the Car-
buncle^ as of the Buboes, that fo the Part may not
be flrengthened : You muft leave thefe Sores open by
the Miflaries, or Voiders, and Emunclories of the
Jtody, for a long Time.
Naples, 2 June 1656.
FINIS.